Carlson G A, Rich C L, Grayson P, Fowler R C
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, State University of New York, Stony Brook 11794.
J Affect Disord. 1991 Feb;21(2):127-32. doi: 10.1016/0165-0327(91)90059-2.
Post-mortem psychiatric diagnoses are compared in two cohorts of male suicides from St. Louis (1956-1957) (Robins, 1981) and San Diego (1981-1982) (Rich et al., 1986). Similar structured interviews and diagnostic criteria had been used in both assessments. Substance/alcohol abuse has remained the major diagnosis in suicides under age 60. Rates of depressive disorder alone have decreased overall, due mostly to decreased rates in the elderly. Thus, depression occurs more frequently in younger ages. Comorbid depression and substance/alcohol abuse has also increased in younger ages. Implications in terms of the so-called 'cohort effect' are discussed.
对来自圣路易斯（1956 - 1957年）（罗宾斯，1981年）和圣地亚哥（1981 - 1982年）（里奇等人，1986年）的两组男性自杀者进行了死后精神科诊断比较。两项评估均使用了类似的结构化访谈和诊断标准。物质/酒精滥用仍然是60岁以下自杀者的主要诊断。仅抑郁症的发病率总体有所下降，主要是由于老年人发病率降低。因此，抑郁症在年轻人中更为常见。合并抑郁症和物质/酒精滥用在年轻人中也有所增加。文中讨论了所谓“队列效应”的影响。
