Siragusa G R, Haas G J, Matthews P D, Smith R J, Buhr R J, Dale N M, Wise M G
Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Poultry Microbiological Safety Research UnitRussell Research Center, Athens, GA, USA.
J Antimicrob Chemother. 2008 Apr;61(4):853-8. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkn024. Epub 2008 Feb 14.
Owing to the spread of antibiotic resistance among human infectious agents, there is a need to research antibiotic alternatives for use in animal agricultural systems. Antibiotic-free broiler chicken production systems are known to suffer from frequent outbreaks of necrotic enteritis due in part to pathogenic type A Clostridium perfringens. Hop (Humulus lupulus) bitter acids are known to possess potent antimicrobial activity. Lupulone was evaluated for in vivo antimicrobial activity to inhibit C. perfringens in a chick gastrointestinal colonization model.
Using a week-2 per os inoculated C. perfringens chicken colonization model, C. perfringens counts in mid-intestinal and caecal contents were compared between chickens administered lupulone at 62.5, 125 and 250 ppm in drinking water versus 0 ppm control. Results At day 22, post-hatch intestinal C. perfringens counts of lupulone-treated chickens were significantly lower (P < 0.05) than water-treated control groups in both jejunal and caecal sampling sites across all lupulone dosages tested.
Lupulone administered through water inhibits gastrointestinal levels of inoculated pathogenic clostridia within the chicken gastrointestinal tract. Lupulone was effective within the chemically complex mixture of material within the gastrointestinal tract, thereby making this agent a target of further research as an antibiotic alternative for this and possibly other intestinal infections.
由于人类感染病原体中抗生素耐药性的传播，有必要研究用于动物农业系统的抗生素替代品。已知无抗生素的肉鸡生产系统经常爆发坏死性肠炎，部分原因是致病性A型产气荚膜梭菌。已知啤酒花（Humulus lupulus）苦味酸具有强大的抗菌活性。在雏鸡胃肠道定植模型中评估了蛇麻酮的体内抗菌活性，以抑制产气荚膜梭菌。
使用第2周经口接种产气荚膜梭菌的鸡定植模型，比较饮用水中添加62.5、125和250 ppm蛇麻酮的鸡与0 ppm对照组鸡的中肠和盲肠内容物中产气荚膜梭菌的数量。结果在第22天，在所有测试的蛇麻酮剂量下，经蛇麻酮处理的鸡在空肠和盲肠采样部位的孵化后肠道产气荚膜梭菌数量均显著低于水处理对照组（P < 0.05）。
通过饮水给予蛇麻酮可抑制鸡胃肠道内接种的致病性梭菌的胃肠道水平。蛇麻酮在胃肠道内化学组成复杂的物质混合物中有效，因此使该药物成为进一步研究的目标，作为这种及可能其他肠道感染的抗生素替代品。
