Liang Xin-qiang, Chen Ying-xu, Li Hua, Tian Guang-ming, Zhang Zhi-jian, Ni Wu-zhong, He Miao-miao
Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China.
J Environ Sci (China). 2007;19(12):1474-81. doi: 10.1016/s1001-0742(07)60240-x.
A field experiment located in Taihu Lake Basin of China was conducted, by application of urea or a mixture of urea with manure, to elucidate the interception of nitrogen (N) export in a typical rice field through "zero-drainage water management" combined with sound irrigation, rainfall forecasting and field drying. N concentrations in floodwater rapidly declined before the first event of field drying after three split fertilizations, and subsequently tended to return to the background level. Before the first field drying, total particulate nitrogen (TPN) was the predominant N form in floodwater of plots with no N input, dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) on plots that received urea only, and dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) on plots treated with the mixture of urea and manure. Thereafter TPN became the major form. No N export was found from the rice field, but total nitrogen (TN) of 15.8 kg/hm2 was remained, mainly due to soil N sorption. The results recommended the zero-drainage water management for full-scale areas for minimizing N export.
在中国太湖流域开展了一项田间试验，通过施用尿素或尿素与粪肥的混合物，结合合理灌溉、降雨预报和田间晾晒的“零排水管理”，阐明典型稻田氮素输出的截留情况。在三次分次施肥后第一次田间晾晒事件之前，稻田水中的氮浓度迅速下降，随后趋于恢复到背景水平。在第一次田间晾晒之前，无氮输入地块的稻田水中总颗粒态氮（TPN）是主要的氮形态，仅施尿素地块的稻田水中溶解无机氮（DIN）是主要形态，而施用尿素与粪肥混合物地块的稻田水中溶解有机氮（DON）是主要形态。此后TPN成为主要形态。稻田未发现氮素输出，但仍残留15.8千克/公顷的总氮（TN），主要是由于土壤对氮的吸附作用。研究结果建议在全区域采用零排水管理以尽量减少氮素输出。
