Hatten M E, Liem R K, Shelanski M L, Mason C A
Department of Pathology, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, New York 10032.
Glia. 1991;4(2):233-43. doi: 10.1002/glia.440040215.
The astroglial response to CNS injury is considered in the context of neuron-glial relationships. Although previous models suggested that astroglial cells present in "scars" impede axon regrowth owing to irreversible changes in the glial cell following injury, recent in vivo and in vitro studies indicate that astroglial cells exhibit considerable plasticity, elevating expression of the glial filament protein and altering expression of properties which support axons, including extracellular matrix components and cell surface adhesion systems. Both in vivo and in vitro studies on neuron-glia interactions in different brain regions suggest that glia express region-specific properties, including ion channels, neurotransmitter uptake and receptor systems, and cell surface adhesion systems. Together these findings suggest that a more detailed analysis of glial response to injury in different brain regions will lead to an appreciation of the diversity of the astroglial response to injury, and its regulation by neuron-glia relationships.
在神经元 - 胶质细胞关系的背景下考虑星形胶质细胞对中枢神经系统损伤的反应。尽管先前的模型表明，“瘢痕”中存在的星形胶质细胞由于损伤后胶质细胞的不可逆变化而阻碍轴突再生，但最近的体内和体外研究表明，星形胶质细胞具有相当大的可塑性，会提高胶质纤维蛋白的表达，并改变支持轴突的特性的表达，包括细胞外基质成分和细胞表面粘附系统。对不同脑区神经元 - 胶质细胞相互作用的体内和体外研究均表明，胶质细胞具有区域特异性特性，包括离子通道、神经递质摄取和受体系统以及细胞表面粘附系统。这些发现共同表明，对不同脑区胶质细胞对损伤的反应进行更详细的分析，将有助于认识星形胶质细胞对损伤反应的多样性及其受神经元 - 胶质细胞关系的调节。
