Verfaillie Karl, d'Ydewalle Géry
Catholic U of Louvain, Lab of Experimental Psychology.
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 1991 Mar;17(2):302-313. doi: 10.1037/0278-7393.17.2.302.
After viewing an object in an implied rotation, subjects' short-term visual memory for the object's position is distorted in the direction of rotation. Previous accounts of this representational momentum effect have emphasized the analogy to physical momentum. This study provides a more general perspective: Position memory is influenced by anticipatory processes related to the future event course. In Experiment 1, subjects are presented with an implied periodical event in which a rectangle rotates back and forth. When a direction change in the implied rotation can be anticipated, memory distortion size drops back to zero. Experiment 2 rejects an alternative explanation for the findings of Experiment 1 in terms of enhanced position memory caused by repeated presentations of the memory pattern orientation within the same trial. In Experiment 3, the periods of the implied event are marked by changes in velocity rather than direction. The anticipation of a sudden velocity increase leads to a larger memory shift. We conclude that the perceptual system anticipates the event course on the basis of a representation of the higher order event structure rather than the local motion characteristics.
在观看物体的隐含旋转后，受试者对物体位置的短期视觉记忆会朝着旋转方向扭曲。此前对这种表象动量效应的解释强调了与物理动量的类比。本研究提供了一个更普遍的观点：位置记忆受到与未来事件进程相关的预期过程的影响。在实验1中，向受试者呈现一个隐含的周期性事件，其中一个矩形来回旋转。当可以预期隐含旋转中的方向变化时，记忆扭曲大小降至零。实验2排除了对实验1结果的另一种解释，即同一试验中记忆模式方向的重复呈现导致位置记忆增强。在实验3中，隐含事件的周期由速度变化而非方向变化来标记。预期速度突然增加会导致更大的记忆偏移。我们得出结论，感知系统基于高阶事件结构的表征而非局部运动特征来预期事件进程。
