Guski H, Meyer R, Fernández-Britto J E
Institute of Pathology, School of Medicine (Charité), Humboldt University of Berlin, FRG.
Exp Pathol. 1991;41(2):79-97. doi: 10.1016/s0232-1513(11)80005-8.
Experimental studies were conducted into 170 adult male Wistar rats for the purpose of analysis of cellular adaptation processes of the myocardium to acute ischemia. One group of the animals were exposed to physical endurance training, i.e. 180 h of swimming exercises, up to 3 h daily. Positive verification of cardiac hypertrophy was considered a measure of accomplished cellular adaptation. Training-induced increase of relative and absolute heart weight was 25 and 30%, respectively. Acute myocardial ischemia had been produced by ligature of the left coronary artery. There were no significant differences between trained and untrained animals for incidence and size of infarction and postoperative lethality, while cardiac decompensation was less often recorded from trained animals. To study cellular adaptation as well as differences between trained and untrained animals, tissue samples were taken from the non-ischemic part of the left ventricle and checked by means of histology, electron microscopy, morphometry, quantitative histochemistry, and histo-autoradiography 1, 2, 4, 7, and 14 days after occlusion of the coronary artery. The studies have shown endurance training to result in unambiguous modification of structural as well as functional response of the nonischemic heart. Included in such structural modification at cellular level are significant changes in mitochondrial membranes, sarcoplasmic reticulum, and T-system. Structural modification was reflected in changes to the oxidative enzymes and DNA metabolism. Different patterns of cellular reaction could be positively verified up to 14 days after myocardial infarction.
为了分析心肌对急性缺血的细胞适应过程，对170只成年雄性Wistar大鼠进行了实验研究。其中一组动物接受体能耐力训练，即每天进行长达3小时的游泳训练，持续180小时。心脏肥大的阳性验证被视为细胞适应完成的一项指标。训练导致相对心脏重量和绝对心脏重量分别增加了25%和30%。通过结扎左冠状动脉制造急性心肌缺血。在梗死发生率、梗死面积和术后死亡率方面，训练组和未训练组动物之间没有显著差异，而训练组动物发生心脏代偿失调的情况较少。为了研究细胞适应以及训练组和未训练组动物之间的差异，在冠状动脉闭塞后1天、2天、4天、7天和14天，从左心室的非缺血部分采集组织样本，并通过组织学、电子显微镜、形态计量学、定量组织化学和组织放射自显影术进行检查。研究表明，耐力训练会导致非缺血心脏的结构和功能反应发生明显改变。细胞水平的这种结构改变包括线粒体膜、肌浆网和T系统的显著变化。结构改变反映在氧化酶和DNA代谢的变化上。在心肌梗死后长达14天，可以肯定地验证不同的细胞反应模式。
