Gladwell Michael, Viozzi Christopher
Department of Surgery, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2008 Mar;66(3):513-22. doi: 10.1016/j.joms.2007.08.039.
Fracture of the temporal bone is, by definition, a fracture of the skull base. Even though the oral and maxillofacial surgeon (OMS) may not provide definitive management of temporal bone fractures or their sequelae, a working knowledge of this area is important for any surgeon participating in the care of patients with craniomaxillofacial trauma, because temporal bone fractures are often associated with injuries to other areas of the craniomaxillofacial skeleton and because these fractures are relatively frequent. In many centers, particularly community hospitals, the OMS may be the primary provider of care for facial trauma and will treat patients with clinical or radiographic evidence of temporal bone fractures. Immediate access to other specialists to manage or observe these injuries may not be possible, making the OMS responsible for early evaluation and management. This article briefly reviews the epidemiology of temporal bone injuries, as well as the pertinent anatomy, radiographic imaging findings, and ancillary testing maneuvers. It then presents a more detailed description of the various clinical findings and the associated management strategies. It concludes with a discussion of the subset of temporal bone fractures involving the temporomandibular joint.
根据定义，颞骨骨折属于颅底骨折。尽管口腔颌面外科医生（OMS）可能不会对颞骨骨折及其后遗症进行最终处理，但对于任何参与颅颌面创伤患者护理的外科医生来说，了解该领域的实用知识都很重要，因为颞骨骨折常与颅颌面骨骼其他部位的损伤相关，且此类骨折相对常见。在许多中心，尤其是社区医院，OMS可能是面部创伤的主要护理提供者，并会治疗有颞骨骨折临床或影像学证据的患者。可能无法立即获得其他专科医生来处理或观察这些损伤，这使得OMS负责早期评估和处理。本文简要回顾了颞骨损伤的流行病学，以及相关的解剖结构、影像学表现和辅助检查方法。然后更详细地描述了各种临床发现及相关的处理策略。最后讨论了涉及颞下颌关节的颞骨骨折子集。
