Clark David, Mandal K
Aintree NHS Hospitals Trust, UK.
Early Hum Dev. 2008 Feb;84(2):95-9. doi: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2007.11.007.
Retinopathy of prematurity is a potentially blinding disorder of premature infants. Retinal ablation of the avascular retina originally described using cryotherapy but now most commonly undertaken with laser photocoagulation, reduces the unfavourable structural outcomes and improves the functional visual acuity outcome. The CRYO-ROP study showed the long-term benefit of treatment of threshold disease compared with no treatment, however even with cryoablation 44.4% of treated eyes had a visual acuity of 6/60 or worse at 10 year follow-up. The ETROP study of earlier treatment for high-risk pre-threshold disease, rather than treatment at threshold, has shown that pre-threshold treatment of type 1 disease produces a significantly improved outcome. Despite treatment some infants develop retinal detachment for which various surgical treatments have been described, although not always with a good functional outcome. Future treatment modalities may include the use of anti-VEGF therapies.
早产儿视网膜病变是一种可能导致早产儿失明的疾病。最初使用冷冻疗法描述的对无血管视网膜进行视网膜消融，但现在最常用激光光凝进行，可减少不良结构结局并改善功能性视力结局。CRYO-ROP研究表明，与不治疗相比，治疗阈值疾病具有长期益处，然而即使进行冷冻消融，在10年随访时仍有44.4%的治疗眼视力为6/60或更差。ETROP研究对高危阈值前疾病进行早期治疗而非在阈值时治疗，结果表明对1型疾病进行阈值前治疗可显著改善结局。尽管进行了治疗，一些婴儿仍会发生视网膜脱离，对此已有多种手术治疗方法的描述，尽管功能结局并不总是良好。未来的治疗方式可能包括使用抗VEGF疗法。
