Long Mary E, Elhai Jon D, Schweinle Amy, Gray Matt J, Grubaugh Anouk L, Frueh B Christopher
Disaster Mental Health Institute, Department of Psychology, The University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA.
J Anxiety Disord. 2008 Oct;22(7):1255-63. doi: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2008.01.006. Epub 2008 Jan 18.
This study addresses the ongoing controversy regarding the definition of DSM-IV posttraumatic stress disorder's (PTSD) traumatic stressor criterion (A1). A sample of 119 college students completed the PTSD Symptom Scale separately in relation to both Criterion A1 and non-Criterion A1 stressful events, using a mixed between-groups (administration order) and within-subjects (stressor type) design. Contrary to what was expected, analyses revealed that non-Criterion A1 events were associated with greater likelihood of "probable" PTSD diagnoses and a greater PTSD symptom frequency than Criterion A1 events. Symptom frequency relationships, however, were moderated by the order in which the measures were administered. The non-Criterion A1 PTSD scores were only higher when non-Criterion A1 measures were presented first in the administration order. Similar patterns of differences in PTSD scores between stressor types were also found across the three PTSD symptom criteria. Implications are discussed as to the ongoing controversy of the PTSD construct.
本研究探讨了关于《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版（DSM-IV）创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）创伤性应激源标准（A1）定义的持续争议。119名大学生组成的样本，采用组间（施测顺序）和组内（应激源类型）混合设计，分别针对标准A1和非标准A1应激事件完成了PTSD症状量表。与预期相反，分析显示非标准A1事件比标准A1事件更有可能被诊断为“可能的”PTSD，且PTSD症状频率更高。然而，症状频率关系受到施测顺序的调节。只有当非标准A1测量在施测顺序中首先呈现时，非标准A1的PTSD分数才更高。在三个PTSD症状标准中，也发现了应激源类型之间PTSD分数的类似差异模式。文中讨论了这些结果对PTSD结构持续争议的影响。
