Robbins JoAnne, Kays Stephanie, McCallum Shirley
Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA.
J Nutr Elder. 2007;26(3-4):59-104. doi: 10.1300/J052v26n01_04.
The capacity to swallow effectively and safely is a basic human need, yet nearly 40% of Americans over age 60 experience dysphagia. Since the resources in acute-care hospitals often are unavailable in institutional settings, the daily involvement of nursing and the dietitian's screening and continuous assessment are critical to timely, effective dysphagia identification, referral, and management. Upon referral, the speech pathologist executes comprehensive evaluation, leading the design and implementation of a team treatment plan. Literature highlighting a sample of dysphagia screening tools and interventions, care transitions and aspiration prevention strategies is reviewed herein to guide current practice and future research.
有效且安全地吞咽的能力是一项基本的人类需求，但近40%的60岁以上美国人存在吞咽困难。由于急性护理医院的资源在机构环境中往往无法获取，护理人员的日常参与以及营养师的筛查和持续评估对于及时、有效地识别、转诊和管理吞咽困难至关重要。一经转诊，言语病理学家会进行全面评估，主导团队治疗计划的设计和实施。本文回顾了一些关于吞咽困难筛查工具和干预措施、护理过渡以及误吸预防策略的文献样本，以指导当前实践和未来研究。
