Lin Li, Shen Tse-Chi, Chen Yi-Hua, Hwang Shaw-Yhi
Department of Entomology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.
J Chem Ecol. 2008 Mar;34(3):353-61. doi: 10.1007/s10886-008-9439-x. Epub 2008 Feb 20.
We report the comparative inducing effects of a phytopathogen and a herbivorous arthropod on the performance of an herbivore. Tomato, Lycopersicon esculentum Mill., was used as the test plant, and tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) and corn earworm, Helicoverpa armigera Hübner, were used as the phytopathogen and herbivore, respectively. There were decreases in the efficiency of conversion of ingested food and efficiency of conversion of digested food when H. armigera was reared on tomato plants that had been previously inoculated with ToMV. However, virus inoculation did not affect feeding or oviposition preferences by H. armigera. In contrast, approximate digestibility, total consumption, relative growth rate, and relative consumption rate were lower for fourth-instar H. armigera that fed on plants previously damaged by the same herbivore. Feeding and oviposition were both deterred for H. armigera that fed on previously damaged plants. The duration of development of H. armigera was also prolonged under this treatment. Infection by ToMV and feeding damage by H. armigera increased the host plant's peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase activity, respectively, suggesting that the performance of H. armigera may be affected by the induced phytochemistry of the host plant. Overall, this study indicated that, in general, insect damage has a stronger effect than ToMV infection on plant chemistry and, subsequently, on the performance of H. armigera.
我们报告了一种植物病原体和一种植食性节肢动物对一种食草动物生长性能的比较诱导效应。以番茄（Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.）作为受试植物，分别以番茄花叶病毒（ToMV）和棉铃虫（Helicoverpa armigera Hübner）作为植物病原体和食草动物。当棉铃虫在先前接种了ToMV的番茄植株上饲养时，其摄入食物转化率和消化食物转化率均有所下降。然而，病毒接种并未影响棉铃虫的取食或产卵偏好。相比之下，取食先前被同种食草动物损伤的植株的四龄棉铃虫，其近似消化率、总消耗量、相对生长率和相对取食率较低。取食先前受损植株的棉铃虫，其取食和产卵均受到抑制。在此处理下，棉铃虫的发育历期也延长了。ToMV感染和棉铃虫取食损伤分别提高了寄主植物的过氧化物酶和多酚氧化酶活性，这表明棉铃虫的生长性能可能受到寄主植物诱导产生的植物化学物质的影响。总体而言，本研究表明，一般来说，昆虫损伤对植物化学物质以及随后对棉铃虫生长性能的影响比ToMV感染更强。
