Olszewski Pawel K, Schiöth Helgi B, Levine Allen S
Minnesota Obesity Center, VA Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN 55417, USA.
Brain Res Rev. 2008 Jun;58(1):160-70. doi: 10.1016/j.brainresrev.2008.01.004. Epub 2008 Feb 13.
Ghrelin, the endogenous agonist of the growth hormone secretagogue receptor, has been shown to induce robust feeding responses in numerous experimental models. Although ghrelin comes from both peripheral and central sources, its hyperphagic properties, to a large extent, arise from activity at the brain level. The current review focuses on describing central mechanisms through which this peptide affects consumption. We address the issue of whether ghrelin serves just as a signal of energy needs of the organism or - as suggested by the most recent findings - also affects food intake via other feeding-related mechanisms, including reward and memory. Complexity of ghrelin's role in the regulation of ingestive behavior is discussed by characterizing its influence on consumption, reward and memory as well as by defining its function within the brain circuitry and interplay with other neuropeptides.
胃饥饿素是生长激素促分泌素受体的内源性激动剂，在众多实验模型中已显示出能引发强烈的进食反应。尽管胃饥饿素来源于外周和中枢，但它的致食特性在很大程度上源于大脑水平的活性。本综述着重描述该肽影响进食的中枢机制。我们探讨胃饥饿素是否仅作为机体能量需求的信号，或者——正如最新研究所暗示的——还通过其他与进食相关的机制（包括奖赏和记忆）来影响食物摄入。通过描述胃饥饿素对进食、奖赏和记忆的影响，并确定其在脑回路中的功能以及与其他神经肽的相互作用，来讨论胃饥饿素在调节摄食行为中作用的复杂性。
