Wittenberg Dana, Possin Katherine L, Rascovsky Katya, Rankin Katherine P, Miller Bruce L, Kramer Joel H
Memory and Aging Center, University of California-San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Neuropsychol Rev. 2008 Mar;18(1):91-102. doi: 10.1007/s11065-008-9056-z. Epub 2008 Feb 29.
Frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) represent a constellation of disorders that may be overlooked or misdiagnosed, despite being fairly common presenile neurodegenerative diseases. Although the cognitive disorder can be difficult to document, particularly early in the dementia course, neuropsychological evaluation can assist in the diagnosis. Neuropsychologists are in an excellent position to draw from related disciplines like personality theory and social psychology to better assess the types of changes that characterize the prodromal and early phases of the disease. This review summarizes the current state of the field in the diagnosis of FTLD and discusses the emerging role of neuropsychology in elucidating the brain organization of complex processes including empathy, behavioral control and inhibition, reward systems, appetitive behaviors, emotional regulation, and goal-orientation. As this review underscores, frontotemporal dementia remains a powerful model for studying brain-behavior relationships.
额颞叶变性（FTLD）是一组疾病，尽管它们是相当常见的早老性神经退行性疾病，但可能会被忽视或误诊。虽然认知障碍可能难以记录，尤其是在痴呆病程的早期，但神经心理学评估有助于诊断。神经心理学家能够很好地借鉴人格理论和社会心理学等相关学科，以更好地评估该疾病前驱期和早期阶段所特有的变化类型。本综述总结了FTLD诊断领域的现状，并讨论了神经心理学在阐明包括共情、行为控制与抑制、奖赏系统、欲求行为、情绪调节和目标导向等复杂过程的脑组织结构方面日益重要的作用。正如本综述所强调的，额颞叶痴呆仍然是研究脑-行为关系的有力模型。
