Differences in European and North American approaches to the management of heart failure.

In recent years many guidelines on the treatment of specific medical conditions have been published with the goal of advising physicians, promoting good clinical care, and achieving a degree of equity and equality in the delivery of care. Differences exist between European and American guidelines for the management of heart failure not just because of differences in health systems but also because there is little agreement on how to assess clinical trials and convey conclusions in a clear format. Current recommendations can be confusing and often do not reflect the complexities of modern personalized medicine.