Gerlach Manfred, Hendrich Albrecht, Hueber Roland, Jost Wolfgang, Winkler Jürgen, Woitalla Dirk, Riederer Peter
Universität Würzburg, Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Labor für Klinische Neurobiologie, Würzburg, Deutschland.
Neurodegener Dis. 2008;5(3-4):137-9. doi: 10.1159/000113683. Epub 2008 Mar 6.
A biomarker (biological marker) is a characteristic that is objectively measured and evaluated as an indicator of normal biological processes, pathogenetic processes or pharmacological responses to a therapeutic intervention. Expectations are high for the development of biomarkers since they make it possible to achieve a significant improvement in the diagnosis and classification of diseases like Parkinson's disease. As a surrogate marker for clinical studies, a biomarker can also be used to determine the efficacy of novel therapeutic interventions, such as neuroprotective strategies, and for monitoring the progress of the disease. Imaging techniques ((18)F-DOPA PET, (123)I-beta-CIT SPECT, MIBG scintigraphy, functional imaging), clinical tests (e.g. hyposmia, micrography, hyperechogenicity, apomorphine test), biochemical markers (e.g. alpha-synuclein and neuromelanin antibodies, oxidative and mitochondrial markers) and genetic tests for hereditary forms (PARK1 to PARK11) are evaluated for their suitability.
生物标志物（生物学标记）是一种可客观测量和评估的特征，作为正常生物学过程、致病过程或对治疗干预的药理反应的指标。人们对生物标志物的开发寄予厚望，因为它们能够显著改善帕金森病等疾病的诊断和分类。作为临床研究的替代标志物，生物标志物还可用于确定新型治疗干预措施（如神经保护策略）的疗效，并监测疾病进展。目前正在评估成像技术（（18）F-DOPA PET、（123）I-β-CIT SPECT、MIBG闪烁显像、功能成像）、临床检测（如嗅觉减退、显微镜检查、高回声、阿扑吗啡试验）、生化标志物（如α-突触核蛋白和神经黑色素抗体、氧化和线粒体标志物）以及遗传性形式（PARK1至PARK11）的基因检测的适用性。
