Sung Rita Y T, Choi Kai Chow, So Hung-Kwan, Nelson Edmund A S, Li Albert M, Kwok Charlotte W L, Tong Grace N, Mak Kwok Hang, Ng Pak Cheung, Fok Tai Fai
Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong.
J Hypertens. 2008 Apr;26(4):678-84. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0b013e3282f42270.
Oscillometric devices are increasingly used to measure blood pressure (BP). Reference data are limited and have not used devices validated against sphygmomanometric measurements on which current standards are based. BP standards for Chinese children have been based on sphygmomanometry and have not provided height-related or weight-related BP percentiles.
BP was measured in 14842 Hong Kong Chinese schoolchildren aged 6-18 years randomly selected from 36 schools in the 18 Hong Kong districts, using a validated oscillometric device (Datascope Accutorr Plus). Height, weight, heart rate and waist circumference were measured. Percentiles for systolic BP and diastolic BP by sex, age, height and weight were generated. Features associated with systolic BP and diastolic BP in 12680 children were analysed by univariate and multivariate analysis.
Reference BP standards by sex, age, weight and height are presented. BP was associated (in descending order of strength) with weight > height > age > waist circumference > body mass index, and weakly with heart rate (which added considerable influence on multivariate analysis). BP increases similarly with age, height (which can normalize for variations in growth) and weight (which is associated most strongly with BP). BP was associated also with family history of high BP and (inversely) with sleep duration.
The study provides oscillometrically measured BP standards for Chinese children, with age-related and sex-related height-specific and weight-specific percentiles. Implications of the findings are discussed. Screening by sex-specific BP-height percentile charts, and then if high, reference to the BP-sex-age-weight table, is suggested.
示波法设备越来越多地用于测量血压（BP）。参考数据有限，且尚未使用针对基于当前标准的汞柱式血压测量法进行验证的设备。中国儿童的血压标准一直基于汞柱式血压测量法，未提供与身高或体重相关的血压百分位数。
从香港18个区的36所学校中随机选取14842名6至18岁的香港中国学龄儿童，使用经过验证的示波法设备（Datascope Accutorr Plus）测量血压。测量身高、体重、心率和腰围。生成按性别、年龄、身高和体重划分的收缩压和舒张压百分位数。通过单变量和多变量分析对12680名儿童中与收缩压和舒张压相关的特征进行分析。
给出了按性别、年龄、体重和身高划分的参考血压标准。血压与体重>身高>年龄>腰围>体重指数相关（按关联强度降序排列），与心率的关联较弱（心率在多变量分析中增加了相当大的影响）。血压随年龄、身高（可对生长差异进行标准化）和体重（与血压关联最强）的增加方式相似。血压还与高血压家族史相关，与睡眠时间呈负相关。
该研究提供了通过示波法测量的中国儿童血压标准，以及与年龄、性别相关的身高特定和体重特定百分位数。讨论了研究结果的意义。建议通过按性别划分的血压-身高百分位数图表进行筛查，如果血压高，则参考血压-性别-年龄-体重表。
