Herranz González-Botas Jesús, Fojón Polanco Salvador, López Facal María Soledad, Fernández Casabella Carmen, García Casás Mónica
Servicio de Otorrinolaringología, Complejo Hospitalario Juan Canalejo, A Coruña, España.
Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp. 2008 Feb;59(2):70-5.
Otologic and audiometric evaluation of professional divers without noise exposure has been carried out to analyze the repercussions of this activity on their hearing.
A total of 233 professional divers, working in a no noise environment, with an average experience of 9.6 years and 2074 lifetime dives, in a working depth between 10 m and 27 m, average 4.6 hours underwater time were evaluated. This atypical population of divers did not follow any decompression schedule and engaged in diving in a purely empirical and intuitive fashion.
Eighty-nine point two per cent presented symptoms of decompression sickness (DCS). Only 19.7% presented a mean hearing threshold below 20 dB while 73.5% had a mild hearing loss. Significant differences (P < .0001) were found in hearing thresholds at 3, 4, and 6 kHz when hearing thresholds were grouped by years of experience and diver's age. No such increase was found when the sample was grouped by DCS symptoms, vestibular symptoms, number of dives, or patent foramen ovale.
The presence of high-frequency sensorineural hearing loss in professional divers is related to their age and experience, even without a noisy working environment.
对未接触噪声的职业潜水员进行耳科和听力测定评估，以分析此项活动对其听力的影响。
共评估了233名职业潜水员，他们在无噪声环境中工作，平均潜水经验为9.6年，终生潜水次数为2074次，工作深度在10米至27米之间，水下平均工作时间为4.6小时。这群非典型潜水员未遵循任何减压方案，完全凭经验和直觉进行潜水。
89.2%的潜水员出现减压病（DCS）症状。只有19.7%的潜水员平均听力阈值低于20分贝，而73.5%的潜水员有轻度听力损失。按潜水经验年限和潜水员年龄对听力阈值进行分组时，在3千赫、4千赫和6千赫的听力阈值上发现了显著差异（P < .0001）。当按减压病症状、前庭症状、潜水次数或卵圆孔未闭对样本进行分组时，未发现这种增加情况。
即使在无噪声工作环境中，职业潜水员高频感音神经性听力损失的出现也与其年龄和经验有关。
