Sobotta Bernhard A J, John Mike T, Nitschke Ina
Department of Prosthodontics and Materials Science, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
Int Marit Health. 2007;58(1-4):59-69.
To describe dental treatment needs and demands of crew on a cruise ship during a world cruise.
The routine dental documentation of a two months period at sea on a cruise ship carrying 999 crew was analysed. Age, gender, diagnosis, treatment performed, percentage of emergency and routine procedures, number of appointments, duration of appointment and time since last visit to the dentist were recorded. Oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) was measured using the 14-item Oral Health Impact Profile.
Subjects were n = 56 crew with a mean age of 37 (+/- 12.0) years. Out of 114 patient contacts n = 29 (25%) were for emergency treatment. Caries and its sequelae accounted for 85% of time spent treating emergencies and 50% of routine treatment time. The two most frequent treatment options during emergency appointments were extractions and endodontics. In routine cases fillings and periodontal treatment were dominating. Per 1000 persons per month crew required 14.5 emergency plus 42.5 routine appointments. 80 % of crew had seen a dentist within 12 months before their shipboard dental appointment. Oral health-related quality of life was most impaired in case of emergency patients with a particular emphasis on the diagnosis of pulpal disease.
High numbers of dental emergencies largely due to caries indicated that International Labour Organisation (ILO) recommendations requiring seafarers to be dentally fit were not adhered to. It is suggested that some doctors performing pre-sea medical examinations may not adequately diagnose caries. A pre-sea examination by a dental professional has the potential to reduce the number of emergency port referrals to dentists. Treatment costs and attitude to preventive dental care were identified as barriers impeding the access of low-wage crew to the ship's dental clinic. Cosmetic dentistry and prophylaxis attracted those crew with an interest in prevention and the ability to pay the fees. In large cruise ships there is a substantial demand for both emergency and routine dental care among crew.
描述环球航行期间游轮上船员的牙科治疗需求和要求。
分析了一艘搭载999名船员的游轮在海上两个月期间的常规牙科记录。记录了年龄、性别、诊断结果、所进行的治疗、急诊和常规程序的百分比、预约次数、预约时长以及上次看牙医以来的时间。使用14项口腔健康影响量表测量口腔健康相关生活质量（OHRQoL）。
受试者为n = 56名船员，平均年龄37（±12.0）岁。在114次患者接触中，n = 29次（25%）为急诊治疗。龋齿及其后遗症占急诊治疗时间的85%和常规治疗时间的50%。急诊预约期间最常见的两种治疗选择是拔牙和牙髓治疗。在常规病例中，补牙和牙周治疗占主导。每月每1000名船员需要14.5次急诊加42.5次常规预约。80%的船员在登船进行牙科预约前12个月内看过牙医。口腔健康相关生活质量在急诊患者中受损最严重，尤其在牙髓疾病诊断方面。
大量牙科急诊主要归因于龋齿，这表明国际劳工组织（ILO）要求海员保持牙齿健康的建议未得到遵守。建议一些进行出海前体检的医生可能未充分诊断龋齿。由牙科专业人员进行出海前检查有可能减少在港口紧急转诊至牙医处的次数。治疗费用和对预防性牙科护理的态度被确定为阻碍低薪船员前往船上牙科诊所的障碍。美容牙科和预防治疗吸引了那些对预防有兴趣且有能力支付费用的船员。在大型游轮上，船员对急诊和常规牙科护理都有大量需求。
