Valentin J P, Gardner D G, Ribstein J, Mimran A, Humphreys M H
Division of Nephrology, San Francisco General Hospital and University of California.
Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss. 1991 Aug;84(8):1159-62.
To test the possibility that endothelin affects extracellular fluid partition between plasma and interstitium, we compared the effects of endothelin and vehicule in euvolemic binephrectomized anesthetized rats by measuring changes in hematocrit and plasma protein concentration. Forty-five minutes infusion of endothelin (25 ng/kg/min) induced a progressive increase in blood pressure by 1.7 +/- 1.3, 6.8 +/- 1.5 and 12.1 +/- 2.1% at 15, 30 and 45 min respectively from a basal value of 99 +/- 5 mmHg. Hematocrit increased by 8.0 +/- 0.6% (p less than 0.001) after 45 min of infusion, while the vehicle had no significant effect (+ 1.7 +/- 0.7%). The same increase in hematocrit was observed in binephrectomized and splenectomized rats. The calculated loss of plasma volume during endothelin infusion was 13.1 +/- 0.9% as compared to 2.1 +/- 1.2% in rats receiving the vehicle. Plasma protein concentration increased by only 4.2 +/- 0.6% suggesting an extravasation of proteins. To document and localize an alteration in vascular leak of proteins induced by endothelin, albumin-bound Evans Blue (EB) extravasation was measured spectrophotometrically in different tissues after extraction by formamide. Endothelin increased vascular permeation of EB-albumin in skeletal and cardiac muscle, intestine and mesentery. No change was observed in brain, liver, spleen as compared to rats receiving the vehicle. In addition, endothelin infusion elicits a three fold increase of the plasma immunoreactive atrial natriuretic peptide (ir-ANP) concentration (from 196 +/- 50 to 722 +/- 203 pg/ml; p less than 0.02).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
为了验证内皮素是否会影响血浆与间质之间细胞外液的分配，我们通过测量血细胞比容和血浆蛋白浓度的变化，比较了内皮素和赋形剂对血容量正常的双肾切除麻醉大鼠的影响。输注内皮素（25 ng/kg/分钟）45分钟后，血压从基础值99±5 mmHg分别在15、30和45分钟时逐渐升高1.7±1.3%、6.8±1.5%和12.1±2.1%。输注45分钟后，血细胞比容增加了8.0±0.6%（p<0.001），而赋形剂无显著影响（+1.7±0.7%）。在双肾切除和脾切除的大鼠中也观察到了相同的血细胞比容增加。与接受赋形剂的大鼠相比，输注内皮素期间计算出的血浆容量损失为13.1±0.9%，而接受赋形剂的大鼠为2.1±1.2%。血浆蛋白浓度仅增加了4.2±0.6%，提示有蛋白质外渗。为了记录和定位内皮素诱导的蛋白质血管渗漏改变，在通过甲酰胺提取后，用分光光度法测量不同组织中白蛋白结合伊文思蓝（EB）的外渗。内皮素增加了骨骼肌、心肌、肠道和肠系膜中EB-白蛋白的血管通透性。与接受赋形剂的大鼠相比，脑、肝、脾未观察到变化。此外，输注内皮素使血浆免疫反应性心钠素（ir-ANP）浓度增加了三倍（从196±50至722±203 pg/ml；p<0.02）。（摘要截短于250字）
