Inoue Yuki, Inagaki Masumi, Gunji Atsuko, Furushima Wakana, Kaga Makiko
Department of Developmental Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan.
Dev Med Child Neurol. 2008 Jun;50(6):462-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8749.2008.02049.x. Epub 2008 Mar 18.
We examined the effects of previous trials on subsequent trials on performance in the continuous performance test (CPT) in children with attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Thirty-five non-medicated children with ADHD (31 males, four females; mean age 9y 10mo [SD 2y 4mo]) and 33 comparison children (20 males, 13 females; mean age 10y [SD 2y 7mo]) were tested using a novel CPT, in which stimuli were presented with 50% target probability. Reaction time, reaction time variability, omission, and commission error rate were analyzed for two different types of trials in which different responses (switched trials) or the same responses (repeated trials) were required for two consecutive trials. Compared with the comparison group, children with ADHD showed a greater increase in commission error rate from repeated to switched trials, i.e. increased switch cost for commission error rate. On the other hand, omission error rate was not influenced by the previous trial in both ADHD and comparison groups. These results suggest that children with ADHD have trouble in response switching when an inhibitory process is involved.
我们研究了既往试验对患有注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）儿童在连续性能测试（CPT）中后续试验表现的影响。使用一种新型CPT对35名未用药的ADHD儿童（31名男性，4名女性；平均年龄9岁10个月[标准差2岁4个月]）和33名对照儿童（20名男性，13名女性；平均年龄10岁[标准差2岁7个月]）进行测试，其中刺激以50%的目标概率呈现。针对两种不同类型的试验分析了反应时间、反应时间变异性、遗漏和错误率，在这两种试验中，连续两次试验需要不同的反应（转换试验）或相同的反应（重复试验）。与对照组相比，ADHD儿童从重复试验到转换试验时错误率的增加更大，即错误率的转换成本增加。另一方面，ADHD组和对照组的遗漏错误率均不受既往试验的影响。这些结果表明，当涉及抑制过程时，ADHD儿童在反应转换方面存在困难。
