[Effect of photodynamic therapy on IL-1beta and MMP-8 in gingival crevicular fluid of chronic periodontitis].

PURPOSE

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is used in infectious disease for its antimicrobial effects. The aim of the study is to evaluate the effects of a diode laser-based photodynamic therapy on the treatment of chronic periodontitis.

METHODS

Fifty eight patients with chronic periodontitis were divided into three groups. Group A was treated with scaling and root planing (SRP) plus photoactivated disinfection therapy for one time (Periowave(TM): a diode laser with a wavelength of 670nm and 0.01% methylene blue solution). In group B, the patients were treated with SRP followed by photoactivated disinfection, and a second photoactivated disinfection treatment 6 weeks later. Group C was treated with SRP alone. The irradiation time was 60 seconds at a power output of 140mW. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples from these three groups of patients were obtained before periodontal treatment, 6 weeks and 12 weeks after treatment. GCF was collected using a paper strip, and enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to determine the cytokine (IL-1beta and MMP-8) levels. The data were analyzed with SAS 6.12 software package.

RESULTS

ELISA showed IL-1beta and MMP-8 levels of all groups were decreased significantly at 6-week after treatment compared to pretreatment levels. No significant inter-group differences were noted. At 12-week after treatment, the decreases in IL-1beta levels of group A and B and the decrease in MMP-8 level of group B were significantly higher than group C (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

Based on these findings, it appears that SRP and SRP with PDT are all effective for chronic periodontitis, but the effect of SRP with PDT may last longer. PDT therefore appears to be a useful adjunct to SRP for chronic periodontitis therapy. Supported by National "Tenth Five-Year" Key Science and Technology Research Project (Grant No.2004BA72026) and International Cooperation Project (Grant No.051012).