Duncan James Scott, Schofield Grant, Duncan Elizabeth Karndu, Rush Elaine Caroline
Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, Auckland University of Technology, Private Bag 92006, Auckland 1020, New Zealand.
Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2008;17(1):138-47.
To identify demographic and lifestyle risk factors for excess body fatness in a multiethnic sample of New Zealand children.
Cross-sectional study.
A total of 1229 European, Polynesian, Asian, and 'Other' children aged 5-11 y (603 male, 626 female) living in New Zealand.
Percentage body fat (%BF) was measured using hand-to-foot bioelectrical impedance analysis, and overfat participants were defined as those with a %BF greater than 25% (boys) and 30% (girls). A parent proxy questionnaire was developed for assessing demographic and lifestyle factors, and multiday memory pedometers were used to estimate physical activity levels over five days.
After controlling for differences in sex, age, and socioeconomic status (SES), Asian children were more likely to have excess body fat than European children. The adjusted odds of overfat also increased with age and decreased with SES. Three lifestyle risk factors related to fat status were identified: low physical activity, skipping breakfast, and insufficient sleep on weekdays. Clustering of these risk factors resulted in a cumulative increase in the prevalence of overfat. Active transport, sports participation, lunch bought at school, fast food consumption, sugary drink consumption, and weekend sleep duration were not associated with fat status after adjustment for the selected demographic variables.
The findings from this study enhance our understanding of the risk factors for excess body fatness in New Zealand children, and highlight key demographic and lifestyle priorities for future interventions.
在新西兰儿童的多民族样本中确定导致身体脂肪过多的人口统计学和生活方式风险因素。
横断面研究。
共有1229名居住在新西兰的5至11岁儿童（603名男性，626名女性），包括欧洲裔、波利尼西亚裔、亚裔和“其他”族裔。
采用手足生物电阻抗分析法测量体脂百分比（%BF），体脂过多的参与者定义为%BF大于25%（男孩）和30%（女孩）的人。开发了一份家长代理问卷来评估人口统计学和生活方式因素，并使用多日记忆计步器来估计五天内的身体活动水平。
在控制了性别、年龄和社会经济地位（SES）的差异后，亚裔儿童比欧洲裔儿童更有可能身体脂肪过多。体脂过多的调整后几率也随着年龄的增长而增加，随着SES的降低而降低。确定了与脂肪状况相关的三个生活方式风险因素：身体活动不足、不吃早餐和平日睡眠不足。这些风险因素的聚集导致体脂过多患病率的累积增加。在对选定的人口统计学变量进行调整后，主动出行、参加体育活动、在学校购买午餐、食用快餐、饮用含糖饮料和周末睡眠时间与脂肪状况无关。
本研究结果增进了我们对新西兰儿童身体脂肪过多风险因素的理解，并突出了未来干预的关键人口统计学和生活方式重点。
