Goyal Ramesh K, Shah Vitthaldas N, Saboo Banshi D, Phatak Sanjiv R, Shah Navneet N, Gohel Mukesh C, Raval Prashad B, Patel Snehal S
Sterling Hospital and Department of Pharmacology, L.M.College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad 380 009, India.
J Assoc Physicians India. 2010 Mar;58:151-8.
Obesity and overweight have become a worldwide epidemic, and there is an urgent need to examine childhood obesity and overweight across countries using a standardized international standard. In the present study we have investigated the prevalence of obesity and overweight and their association with socioeconomic status (SES) and the risk factors like diet, physical activity like exercise, sports, sleeping habit in afternoon, eating habits like junk food, chocolate, eating outside at weekend, family history of diabetes and obesity.
The study was carried out in 5664 school children of 12-18 years of age and having different SES. The obesity and overweight were considered using an updated body mass index reference. SES and life style factors were determined using pre-tested questionnaire.
Age-adjusted prevalence of overweight was found to be 14.3% among boys and 9.2% among girls where as the prevalence of obesity was 2.9% in boys and 1.5% in girls. The prevalence of overweight among children was higher in middle SES as compared to high SES group in both boys and girls whereas the prevalence of obesity was higher in high SES group as compared to middle SES group. The prevalence of obesity as well as overweight in low SES group was the lowest as compared to other group. Eating habit like junk food, chocolate, eating outside at weekend and physical activity like exercise, sports, sleeping habit in afternoon having remarkable effect on prevalence on overweight and obesity among middle to high SES group. Family history of diabetes and obesity were also found to be positively associated.
Our data suggest that the prevalence of overweight and obesity varies remarkably with different socioeconomic development levels.
肥胖和超重已成为全球性的流行病，迫切需要采用标准化的国际标准对各国儿童肥胖和超重情况进行研究。在本研究中，我们调查了肥胖和超重的患病率及其与社会经济地位（SES）的关联，以及饮食、体育活动（如锻炼、运动）、下午睡眠习惯、垃圾食品和巧克力等饮食习惯、周末外出就餐、糖尿病家族史和肥胖家族史等风险因素。
该研究针对5664名12至18岁、具有不同社会经济地位的学童开展。采用更新后的体重指数参考标准来判定肥胖和超重情况。通过预先测试的问卷来确定社会经济地位和生活方式因素。
经年龄调整后，超重患病率在男孩中为14.3%，在女孩中为9.2%；而肥胖患病率在男孩中为2.9%，在女孩中为1.5%。在男孩和女孩中，中等社会经济地位组儿童的超重患病率均高于高社会经济地位组，而高社会经济地位组的肥胖患病率高于中等社会经济地位组。与其他组相比，低社会经济地位组的肥胖和超重患病率最低。垃圾食品、巧克力等饮食习惯、周末外出就餐以及锻炼、运动等体育活动、下午睡眠习惯对中高社会经济地位组超重和肥胖患病率有显著影响。糖尿病和肥胖家族史也呈正相关。
我们的数据表明，超重和肥胖患病率因社会经济发展水平不同而有显著差异。
