Castrellon Aurelio B, Glück Stefan
University of Miami Miller's School Of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Medical Oncology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1475 NW 12th Avenue Miami, FL 33136, USA.
Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 2008 Mar;8(3):443-52. doi: 10.1586/14737140.8.3.443.
Breast cancer remains the second leading cause of malignancy-related death in women in the USA, regardless of advances in novel therapeutic agents. High priority should be given to research aimed at the study of pharmacological and natural compounds that could potentially prevent the development of breast cancer in susceptible patients. Tamoxifen has been shown to reduce the incidence of estrogen receptor-positive invasive breast cancer in women with a high risk of developing this condition by nearly 50%, and studies in osteoporosis have revealed a similar protective effect of raloxifene in postmenopausal women. The aromatase inhibitors are superior to tamoxifen in reducing the recurrence of breast cancer in postmenopausal women; large clinical trials are currently evaluating the chemopreventive effect of these agents. The list of agents with the potential for chemoprevention in breast cancer is extensive and continues to expand. There is an immense need to develop drugs that will decrease the incidence of estrogen receptor-negative breast cancer in women at high risk of developing the disease. Herein, we review the most important chemopreventive agents in breast cancer and clinical trials that have evaluated their efficacy.
在美国，乳腺癌仍是女性恶性肿瘤相关死亡的第二大主要原因，尽管新型治疗药物取得了进展。应高度重视旨在研究可能预防易感患者乳腺癌发生的药理化合物和天然化合物的研究。已证明他莫昔芬可将有高风险患雌激素受体阳性浸润性乳腺癌的女性中该疾病的发病率降低近50%，并且骨质疏松症研究表明雷洛昔芬对绝经后女性有类似的保护作用。芳香化酶抑制剂在降低绝经后女性乳腺癌复发方面优于他莫昔芬；大型临床试验目前正在评估这些药物的化学预防作用。具有乳腺癌化学预防潜力的药物清单很长且不断扩大。迫切需要开发能降低有高风险患该疾病的女性中雌激素受体阴性乳腺癌发病率的药物。在此，我们综述乳腺癌中最重要的化学预防药物以及评估其疗效的临床试验。
