Lehman Daniel S, Landman Jaime
Curr Urol Rep. 2008 Jan;9(1):34-43. doi: 10.1007/s11934-008-0008-1.
The increased application of radiographic imaging has paralleled a simultaneous increase in the detection of incidental and asymptomatic renal neoplasms. The reference standard for treating small renal tumors includes open and laparoscopic partial nephrectomy. The primary objectives of ablative renal procedures are to duplicate the excellent oncologic outcomes of partial nephrectomy while decreasing patient morbidity and shortening hospitalization and overall convalescence. Ablation, with cryotherapy or radiofrequency probes, offers the advantages of minimally invasive surgery, but with a significantly lower complication rate than laparoscopic partial nephrectomy. Ablation now represents a major change in surgical thinking as tumors are ablated and left in situ. This article reviews the status of the two ablative modalities currently available for clinical application, cryoablation and radiofrequency ablation.
放射成像应用的增加与偶然发现的无症状肾肿瘤检测数量的同时增加是并行的。治疗小肾肿瘤的参考标准包括开放和腹腔镜下部分肾切除术。肾消融手术的主要目标是在降低患者发病率、缩短住院时间和总体康复时间的同时，复制部分肾切除术出色的肿瘤学治疗效果。使用冷冻疗法或射频探头进行消融具有微创手术的优势，但其并发症发生率明显低于腹腔镜下部分肾切除术。由于肿瘤被消融并留在原位，消融现在代表了手术思维的重大转变。本文综述了目前可用于临床应用的两种消融方式——冷冻消融和射频消融的现状。
