Beran Jiri
School of Medicine and University Hospital, Department of Infectious Diseases, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
Expert Rev Vaccines. 2007 Dec;6(6):891-902. doi: 10.1586/14760584.6.6.891.
Hepatitis A and B remain serious global public health problems. Monovalent vaccines against hepatitis A and B have been available for many years. Since 1996, licenses have been gradually introduced for different formulations and immunization schedules of the first combined vaccines against both diseases. Twinrix Adult (with conventional and accelerated schedules) is available for the immunization of individuals aged 16 years or older in Europe and 18 years or older the USA. Twinrix Pediatric, with its three-dose schedule, and AmBirix, with its two-dose schedule, are licensed in Europe for ages 1-15 years. These vaccines offer a single injection for satisfactory protection against hepatitis A and B and an excellent safety and reactogenicity profile in comparison with monovalent vaccines. This article focuses on immunogenicity of the vaccines and proposes expert opinion and future directions in this field.
甲型和乙型肝炎仍然是严重的全球公共卫生问题。单价甲型和乙型肝炎疫苗已经上市多年。自1996年以来，针对这两种疾病的首批联合疫苗的不同配方和免疫程序已逐步获得许可。成人用双抗原疫苗（有常规和加速程序）在欧洲可用于16岁及以上个体的免疫接种，在美国可用于18岁及以上个体。儿童用双抗原疫苗采用三剂程序，安比瑞克斯采用两剂程序，在欧洲已获得1至15岁年龄组的许可。与单价疫苗相比，这些疫苗只需单次注射就能提供针对甲型和乙型肝炎的满意保护，并且具有出色的安全性和反应原性。本文重点关注这些疫苗的免疫原性，并提出该领域的专家意见和未来方向。
