Reddy Narasimha P, A Khan Pathan Akbar, Devi Koduru Uma, Victor John S, Sharma Hari C
Department of Botany, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam 530 003, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Pest Manag Sci. 2008 Sep;64(9):909-15. doi: 10.1002/ps.1581.
Biopesticides based on Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuillemin hold great promise for the management of a wide range of insect pests. The conidia in the biopesticide formulation require an adjuvant to protect them from photoinactivation by sunlight. The suitability of Tinopal, an optical brightener used as sunscreen for baculovirus formulations, for use with B. bassiana was assessed. The aim was to study the effect of Tinopal on the growth and photoprotection of B. bassiana, and its effect on the susceptibility of insects to B. bassiana.
Tinopal was found to have no adverse effect on the growth of B. bassiana. It was found to confer total protection (approximately 95% conidial germination at 10 g Tinopal L(-1)) from sunlight up to 3 h of exposure, and a better survival rate than controls even up to 4 h. Helicoverpa armigera Hübner larvae fed on diet with 5 g kg(-1) Tinopal were found to have reduced growth. The duration of the larval stage increased by 3-4 days in 1 and 5 g kg(-1) Tinopal treatments. Among the moths that emerged from larvae fed on diet with 5 g kg(-1) Tinopal, a significantly high number were malformed compared with controls. The larvae that were fed diet with Tinopal showed quicker and higher mortality and required a lower effective lethal dose (LC(50)) than the controls. Tinopal was found to have a synergistic effect with B. bassiana in causing insect mortality.
Tinopal was found to be a suitable adjuvant for B. bassiana-based biopesticide formulations. It conferred tolerance to sunlight and caused stress in the insect, leading to a synergistic effect with B. bassiana.
基于球孢白僵菌（Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuillemin）的生物农药在防治多种害虫方面具有巨大潜力。生物农药制剂中的分生孢子需要一种助剂来保护它们免受阳光的光灭活作用。评估了一种用作杆状病毒制剂防晒剂的荧光增白剂天来宝（Tinopal）与球孢白僵菌配合使用的适用性。目的是研究天来宝对球孢白僵菌生长和光保护的影响，以及其对昆虫对球孢白僵菌易感性的影响。
发现天来宝对球孢白僵菌的生长没有不利影响。它能提供长达3小时光照的完全保护（在10 g Tinopal L(-1)时约95%的分生孢子萌发），甚至在长达4小时时存活率也比对照更好。发现取食含有5 g kg(-1)天来宝饲料的棉铃虫（Helicoverpa armigera Hübner）幼虫生长减缓。在1和5 g kg(-1)天来宝处理中，幼虫期延长了3 - 4天。在取食含有5 g kg(-1)天来宝饲料的幼虫羽化出的蛾中，与对照相比，畸形的数量显著更高。取食含天来宝饲料的幼虫表现出更快和更高的死亡率，并且与对照相比需要更低的有效致死剂量（LC(50)）。发现天来宝与球孢白僵菌在导致昆虫死亡方面具有协同作用。
发现天来宝是基于球孢白僵菌的生物农药制剂的合适助剂。它赋予了对阳光的耐受性并在昆虫中造成应激，从而与球孢白僵菌产生协同作用。
