Rugg Michael D, Johnson Jeffrey D, Park Heekyeong, Uncapher Melina R
Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, and Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-3800, USA.
Prog Brain Res. 2008;169:339-52. doi: 10.1016/S0079-6123(07)00021-0.
The principle of transfer-appropriate processing and the cortical reinstatement hypothesis are two influential theoretical frameworks, articulated at the psychological and neurobiological levels of explanation, respectively, that each propose that the processes supporting the encoding and retrieval of episodic information are strongly interdependent. Here, we integrate these two frameworks into a single model that generates predictions that can be tested using functional neuroimaging methods in healthy humans, and then go on to describe findings that are in accord with these predictions. Consistent with the transfer-appropriate processing and cortical reinstatement frameworks, the neural correlates of successful encoding vary according to how retrieval is cued, and the neural correlates of retrieval are modulated by how items are encoded. Thus, encoding and retrieval should not be viewed as separate stages of memory that can be investigated in isolation from one another.
迁移适当加工原则和皮层恢复假说分别是在心理学和神经生物学解释层面阐述的两个有影响力的理论框架，它们都提出支持情景信息编码和提取的过程紧密相互依存。在此，我们将这两个框架整合为一个单一模型，该模型产生的预测可通过在健康人类中使用功能神经成像方法进行检验，然后继续描述与这些预测相符的研究结果。与迁移适当加工和皮层恢复框架一致，成功编码的神经关联根据提取线索的方式而变化，提取的神经关联则受项目编码方式的调节。因此，编码和提取不应被视为可以相互独立研究的记忆的不同阶段。
