Tacker W A, Geddes L A, Janas W, Babbs C F, Badylak S F
Hillenbrand Biomedical Engineering Center, West Lafayette, IN 47907.
J Card Surg. 1991 Mar;6(1 Suppl):245-51. doi: 10.1111/jocs.1991.6.1s.245.
Power output and blood flow were determined in dogs for four muscles (gastrocnemius, latissimus dorsi, rectus abdominis, and triceps) to determine effects of choice of muscle, tetany or twitch rates, force loading of the muscle, and blood flow on muscle power output. Total power for a 20-Kg dog was greatest for triceps at 0.77 watts (W) and least for rectus at 0.22 W; power per gram was greatest for gastrocnemius at 5.77 mW/g. Muscle perfusion of latissimus and rectus is greatly decreased by overstretching of the muscle. Overstretching also produces severe, persistent, power loss in latissimus and rectus muscles. Gastrocnemius and triceps tolerate stretching much better. We conclude that power can be improved without causing muscle fatigue by choice of muscle, choice of electrical stimulation parameters, linear geometry for contraction of the muscle, and matching the force load to each individual muscle.
为了确定肌肉选择、强直收缩或抽搐频率、肌肉的力负荷以及血流对肌肉功率输出的影响，对狗的四块肌肉（腓肠肌、背阔肌、腹直肌和肱三头肌）进行了功率输出和血流测定。一只20千克重的狗，肱三头肌的总功率最大，为0.77瓦（W），腹直肌的总功率最小，为0.22瓦；每克肌肉的功率以腓肠肌最大，为5.77毫瓦/克。背阔肌和腹直肌过度伸展时，其肌肉灌注会大幅下降。过度伸展还会使背阔肌和腹直肌产生严重且持续的功率损失。腓肠肌和肱三头肌对拉伸的耐受性要好得多。我们得出结论，通过选择肌肉、选择电刺激参数、使肌肉收缩呈线性几何形状以及使力负荷与每块肌肉相匹配，可以在不引起肌肉疲劳的情况下提高功率。
