Wojdyła A T
Research Institute of Pomology and Floriculture, Pomologiczna 18, PL-96 100 Skierniewice, Poland.
Commun Agric Appl Biol Sci. 2007;72(4):961-6.
The effectiveness of 5 strobilurin fungicides: Acanto 250 SC, Amistar 250 SC, Discus 500 WG, Signum 33 WG, Zato 50 WG and Score 250 EC (triazole-standard) in the control of Puccinia horiana was tested on chrysanthemum cv. Melba Blane. Number of pustules per leaf was observed before treatment, as well as 2 and 4 weeks after treatment. Additionally, after 4 weeks, their influence on plant growth, size of pustules and eventually phytotoxicity were assessed. Plants were sprayed preventively and curatively 4 times at weekly intervals. In preventive programme after 4 weeks of investigations, average of about 1.5 spot per leaf was recorded on control plants. Disease symptoms did not appear on chrysanthemums protected by fungicides Signum 33 WG at concentration 0.18% and Zato 50 WG at concentration 0.015%. In case of the other tested fungicides only sporadically pustules on single leaves were noticed (over 95% of them were browned, dried and crumbled). On control plants more than 46% of leaves was infected but in case of the other investigated fungicides it was only 3-7%. Diameter of spots on plants protected with: Score 250 EC, Acanto 250 SC and Discus 500 WG was similar as on the leaves of control plants. On plants protected with Amistar 250 SC the diameter of pustules was significantly lower than on control plants. In curative programme after 4 weeks of tests, leaves of control plants had about 4 spots per leaf. On leaves sprayed with Score 250 EC at concentration 0.05% there were 4 times less spots than on control plants. Chrysanthemums treated with tested strobilurin fungicides had about 2 times less pustules than on control plants. Diameter of spots on control plant leaves was 3.6 mm and was similar as on chrysanthemums protected with tested fungicides. On leaves of control plants all pustules were active without visible changes or damage but in case of the investigated fungicides almost 100% of them were browned, dried and crumbled. After 4 weeks of experiment, a measured height of control plants was about 125 mm and was similar to the height of plants protected with tested fungicides except Signum 33 WG, which stimulated plant growth. None of tested compounds showed phytotoxic effect.
在菊花品种梅尔巴·布兰(Melba Blane)上测试了5种甲氧基丙烯酸酯类杀菌剂:250克/升阿砣悬浮剂(Acanto 250 SC)、250克/升阿米西达悬浮剂(Amistar 250 SC)、500克/升使百克水分散粒剂(Discus 500 WG)、33克/升翠贝水分散粒剂(Signum 33 WG)、50克/升唑菌酯水分散粒剂(Zato 50 WG)以及250克/升世高乳油(Score 250 EC,三唑类对照药剂)对菊池柄锈菌(Puccinia horiana)的防治效果。在处理前、处理后2周和4周观察每片叶子上的脓疱数量。此外,在4周后,评估它们对植物生长、脓疱大小以及最终的植物毒性的影响。植物每隔一周进行4次预防性和治疗性喷雾。在预防性方案中,经过4周的调查,对照植株上平均每片叶子约有1.5个病斑。在浓度为0.18%的翠贝33克/升水分散粒剂(Signum 33 WG)和浓度为0.015%的唑菌酯50克/升水分散粒剂(Zato 50 WG)保护的菊花上未出现病害症状。对于其他测试的杀菌剂,仅在单叶上偶尔发现脓疱(其中超过95%已褐变、干燥并破碎)。对照植株上超过46%的叶子被感染,但在其他调查的杀菌剂处理下,感染率仅为3 - 7%。用250克/升世高乳油(Score 250 EC)、250克/升阿砣悬浮剂(Acanto 250 SC)和500克/升使百克水分散粒剂(Discus 500 WG)保护的植株上病斑直径与对照植株叶片上的相似。用250克/升阿米西达悬浮剂(Amistar 250 SC)保护的植株上脓疱直径显著低于对照植株。在治疗性方案中,经过4周的测试,对照植株的叶子上每片约有4个病斑。在浓度为0.05%的250克/升世高乳油(Score 250 EC)处理的叶子上,病斑数量比对照植株少4倍。用测试的甲氧基丙烯酸酯类杀菌剂处理的菊花上脓疱数量比对照植株少约2倍。对照植株叶片上病斑直径为3.6毫米,与用测试杀菌剂保护的菊花上的病斑直径相似。对照植株叶片上所有脓疱都是活跃的,没有可见变化或损伤,但在调查的杀菌剂处理下,几乎100%的脓疱已褐变、干燥并破碎。经过4周的试验,对照植株的测量高度约为125毫米,与用测试杀菌剂保护的植株高度相似,但翠贝33克/升水分散粒剂(Signum 33 WG)除外,它促进了植物生长。所有测试化合物均未表现出植物毒性作用。