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室内语音分离:混响对目标音和干扰音的单耳、双耳及交互效应。

Speech segregation in rooms: monaural, binaural, and interacting effects of reverberation on target and interferer.

作者信息

Lavandier Mathieu, Culling John F

机构信息

School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Tower Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, United Kingdom.

出版信息

J Acoust Soc Am. 2008 Apr;123(4):2237-48. doi: 10.1121/1.2871943.

Abstract

Speech reception thresholds were measured in virtual rooms to investigate the influence of reverberation on speech intelligibility for spatially separated targets and interferers. The measurements were realized under headphones, using target sentences and noise or two-voice interferers. The room simulation allowed variation of the absorption coefficient of the room surfaces independently for target and interferer. The direct-to-reverberant ratio and interaural coherence of sources were also varied independently by considering binaural and diotic listening. The main effect of reverberation on the interferer was binaural and mediated by the coherence, in agreement with binaural unmasking theories. It appeared at lower reverberation levels than the effect of reverberation on the target, which was mainly monaural and associated with the direct-to-reverberant ratio, and could be explained by the loss of amplitude modulation in the reverberant speech signals. This effect was slightly smaller when listening binaurally. Reverberation might also be responsible for a disruption of the mechanism by which the auditory system exploits fundamental frequency differences to segregate competing voices, and a disruption of the "listening in the gaps" associated with speech interferers. These disruptions may explain an interaction observed between the effects of reverberation on the targets and two-voice interferers.

摘要

在虚拟房间中测量言语接受阈值,以研究混响对空间分离的目标和干扰源的言语可懂度的影响。测量是在头戴式耳机下进行的,使用目标句子以及噪声或双声干扰源。房间模拟允许分别针对目标和干扰源改变房间表面的吸收系数。通过考虑双耳聆听和双耳同音聆听,还分别改变了声源的直达声与混响声比例以及双耳相干性。混响对干扰源的主要影响是双耳的,并且由相干性介导,这与双耳掩蔽理论一致。它出现在比混响对目标的影响更低的混响水平上,混响对目标的影响主要是单耳的,并且与直达声与混响声比例相关,并且可以通过混响语音信号中幅度调制的损失来解释。双耳聆听时这种影响略小。混响还可能导致听觉系统利用基频差异来分离竞争声音的机制受到干扰,以及与言语干扰源相关的“间隙聆听”受到干扰。这些干扰可能解释了在混响对目标和双声干扰源的影响之间观察到的一种相互作用。

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