Kopp C, Sironen A, Ijäs R, Taponen J, Vilkki J, Sukura A, Andersson M
Department of Production Animal Medicine, University of Helsinki, Saarentaus, Finland.
Reprod Domest Anim. 2008 Dec;43(6):690-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2007.00971.x. Epub 2008 Apr 7.
In the period 1996-2006 two specific sperm defects, the knobbed acrosome (KA) defect and the immotile short-tail sperm (ISTS) defect, showed a strong negative association with fertility in Finnish breeding boars. In this study, we examined the incidence of these two sperm defects in two pig breeds, their effects on fertility and their associations with sperm morphology and testicular histology. Semen samples from 2048 (1097 Yorkshire, 951 Landrace) boars were collected. None of the Landrace boars revealed either the KA defect or the ISTS defect. Of the Yorkshire boars, 0.8% were afflicted with the KA defect and 7.6% with the ISTS defect. Boars diagnosed with the ISTS defect produced no litters. Fertility data were available from two artificially inseminated (AI) boars and six farm breeding boars affected with the KA defect. Breeding boars with 45-81% knobbed spermatozoa (n = 6) did not produce any litters out of 71 sows bred. AI boars with 25-30% knobbed spermatozoa had a poor non-return rate (on average 47% compared with 85% for normal control boars) and produced small litters, on average 2.5 piglets less than other boars of the same breed. Morphometry of testicular tissue and distribution of different cells in the seminiferous tubules were examined in nine boars. Boars with the KA defect had a smaller diameter of the seminiferous tubules (p < 0.05) and a lower number of Sertoli cells (p < 0.05) than controls. ISTS boars, in turn, had a significantly lower number of elongated spermatids (p < 0.05), and they also produced on average only 12% of the spermatozoa of normal boars. The ISTS defect is a manifestation of an autosomal recessive disease caused by an insertion in the KPL2 gene in porcine chromosome 16. Although we tried to map the KA defect, its aetiology remains unclear.
在1996年至2006年期间，两种特定的精子缺陷，即顶体瘤状（KA）缺陷和短尾不动精子（ISTS）缺陷，在芬兰种公猪中与生育力呈现出强烈的负相关。在本研究中，我们调查了这两种精子缺陷在两个猪品种中的发生率、它们对生育力的影响以及它们与精子形态和睾丸组织学的关联。收集了2048头（1097头约克夏猪、951头长白猪）公猪的精液样本。长白公猪中未发现KA缺陷或ISTS缺陷。约克夏公猪中，0.8%患有KA缺陷，7.6%患有ISTS缺陷。被诊断为患有ISTS缺陷的公猪未产仔。有两头人工授精（AI）公猪和六头患有KA缺陷的农场种公猪有生育力数据。精子顶体瘤状比例为45 - 81%的种公猪（n = 6）在71头配种母猪中未产仔。精子顶体瘤状比例为25 - 30%的AI公猪返情率低（平均为47%，而正常对照公猪为85%），产仔数少，平均比同一品种的其他公猪少2.5头仔猪。对九头公猪的睾丸组织进行了形态测量，并检查了生精小管中不同细胞的分布。患有KA缺陷的公猪生精小管直径较小（p < 0.05），支持细胞数量较少（p < 0.05）。相比之下，患有ISTS缺陷的公猪伸长型精子细胞数量显著较少（p < 0.05），并且它们平均产生的精子数量仅为正常公猪的12%。ISTS缺陷是由猪16号染色体上KPL2基因插入引起的常染色体隐性疾病的一种表现。尽管我们试图确定KA缺陷的位置，但其病因仍不清楚。
