Umesi-Koleoso D C, Ayanbadejo P O, Oremosu O A
Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.
West Afr J Med. 2007 Jul-Sep;26(3):201-5. doi: 10.4314/wajm.v26i3.28309.
The past few decades have witnessed a changing trend in dental caries prevalence among Nigerians; thus the need to investigate the current trend of caries among adolescents Nigerians.
To determine the prevalence and severity of dental caries among adolescents in Lagos, South-west of Nigeria.
The World Health Organization (WHO) methodology for basic oral health surveys was employed. The study population was 11 to 16 year-old adolescents from primary and secondary schools in Surulere, Lagos, Nigeria. Surulere local government area (LGA) of Lagos State, South-West Nigeria was selected as the location of this study as the LGA is quite cosmopolitan having Nigerians of all walks of life. Information on sex, age, socioeconomic status and ethnicity was obtained. The dentition of subjects was examined for dental caries, fillings and missing teeth.
Six hundred adolescents of age 11 to 16 years were studied. A high caries-free prevalence of 457 (76.2%) was found among the subjects. Mean(SD) DMFT (decayed, missing, filled teeth) of 0.72 (1.67) and mean DMF% (decayed, missing, filled per cent) of 2.62 (6.17) were recorded among the study population. Older adolescents had higher caries erates than the younger ones. More females than males had caries while the socioeconomic status did not seem to influence caries experience. DT (decayed teeth) was the major contributor of the DMFT index. Among the ethnic groups the Igbo and Edo/Delta had the highest caries experience while the Efik/Ibibio, Yoruba and Hausa had the lowest. A restorative index of 1% was recorded, showing poor utilization of dental health care services by the population.
This study shows an increasing caries trend when compared to previous Nigerian studies despite the mean DMFT of 0.72 being better than the WHO target of 1.5DMFT. Ready availability of sweets and confectionaries to all classes of people in the country compounded by poor knowledge of and utilization of preventive and restorative oral health care services may be contributory to the current trend.
过去几十年间，尼日利亚人的龋齿患病率呈现出变化趋势；因此有必要调查尼日利亚青少年目前的龋齿趋势。
确定尼日利亚西南部拉各斯市青少年的龋齿患病率及严重程度。
采用世界卫生组织（WHO）基本口腔健康调查方法。研究人群为来自尼日利亚拉各斯苏鲁雷的中小学11至16岁的青少年。尼日利亚西南部拉各斯州的苏鲁雷地方政府辖区（LGA）被选为该研究地点，因为该辖区非常国际化，有各行各业的尼日利亚人。获取了有关性别、年龄、社会经济地位和种族的信息。检查受试者的牙列，以确定龋齿、补牙和缺牙情况。
对600名11至16岁的青少年进行了研究。研究对象中无龋患病率高达457人（76.2%）。研究人群的平均（标准差）DMFT（龋、失、补牙数）为0.72（1.67），平均DMF%（龋、失、补牙百分比）为2.62（6.17）。年龄较大的青少年龋齿发病率高于年龄较小的青少年。患龋的女性多于男性，而社会经济地位似乎并未影响患龋经历。DT（龋坏牙）是DMFT指数的主要构成部分。在各民族中，伊博族和伊多/三角州族的患龋经历最高，而埃菲克/伊比比奥族、约鲁巴族和豪萨族的患龋经历最低。补牙指数为1%，表明该人群对口腔保健服务的利用率较低。
与尼日利亚以往的研究相比，本研究显示龋齿呈上升趋势，尽管平均DMFT为0.72优于世界卫生组织设定的1.5 DMFT目标。该国各类人群都能轻易获得糖果，再加上对预防性和修复性口腔保健服务的了解和利用率较低，可能是导致当前趋势的原因。
