那条拒绝消亡的性染色体。
The sex chromosome that refused to die.
作者信息
Malone John H, Oliver Brian
机构信息
Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive, and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
出版信息
Bioessays. 2008 May;30(5):409-11. doi: 10.1002/bies.20752.
Chromosomes that harbor dominant sex determination loci are predicted to erode over time--losing genes, accumulating transposable elements, degenerating into a functional wasteland and ultimately becoming extinct. The Drosophila melanogaster Y chromosome is fairly far along this path to oblivion. The few genes on largely heterochromatic Y chromosome are required for spermatocyte-specific functions, but have no role in other tissues. Surprisingly, a recent paper shows that divergent Y chromosomes can substantially influence gene expression throughout the D. melanogaster genome.1 These results show that variation on Y has an important influence on the deployment of the genome.
携带显性性别决定基因座的染色体预计会随着时间的推移而退化——失去基因、积累转座元件、退化为功能荒芜之地并最终灭绝。黑腹果蝇的Y染色体在这条走向遗忘的道路上已经走得相当远了。在很大程度上是异染色质的Y染色体上的少数基因是精母细胞特异性功能所必需的，但在其他组织中没有作用。令人惊讶的是，最近的一篇论文表明，不同的Y染色体可以显著影响整个黑腹果蝇基因组的基因表达。这些结果表明，Y染色体的变异对基因组的部署有重要影响。
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