Garella Alessandro
Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Nicola A. Porpora 7b, 80128 Naples, Italy.
Int J Psychoanal. 2008 Apr;89(2):313-30. doi: 10.1111/j.1745-8315.2008.00022.x.
The author argues that the termination of analysis raises not only theoretical and technical issues but also problems of evaluation that are both moral (what is good or bad with regard to termination) and ethical (what is the best way of achieving the intended objective). Broadly speaking, he considers that the subject can be addressed from three different aspects: (a) a psychoanalysis of ethics; (b) an ethic of psychoanalytic treatment; (c) an area of intersection between psychoanalysis and ethics that has to do with mankind 's norms and values. The termination is particularly well suited to investigation of the intertwining of ethics with other aspects of psychic functioning. A specific description is given of the conflict between the 'limit' and 'completeness', the limit being connected with the analysis and the wish, while completeness is the possibility of experiencing the analysis and one's personal life as endowed with the 'sense of an end-point'. The conflict may be expressed in dramatic or tragic forms that can be productively explored through the Aristotelian concepts of peripeteia and recognition. The termination process offers material for establishing an ethics of the limit, highlighting the psychic role of moral judgement and the need to evaluate this role if a satisfactory termination is to be achieved.
作者认为，分析的终止不仅引发了理论和技术问题，还带来了评估问题，这些问题既涉及道德层面（关于终止，什么是好的或坏的），也涉及伦理层面（实现预期目标的最佳方式是什么）。广义而言，他认为可以从三个不同方面来探讨这个问题：（a）伦理的精神分析；（b）精神分析治疗的伦理；（c）精神分析与伦理的一个交叉领域，它与人类的规范和价值观相关。终止特别适合用于研究伦理与心理功能其他方面的交织。文中具体描述了“限度”与“完整性”之间的冲突，限度与分析和愿望相关，而完整性是将分析和个人生活体验为具有“终点感”的可能性。这种冲突可能以戏剧性或悲剧性的形式表现出来，可通过亚里士多德的“突转”和“发现”概念进行富有成效的探究。终止过程为确立限度伦理提供了素材，突出了道德判断的心理作用以及若要实现令人满意的终止就需要评估这一作用。
