Zelinski-Wooten M B, Stouffer R L
Division of Reproductive Sciences, Oregon Regional Primate Research Center, Portland, OR 97201, USA.
Trends Endocrinol Metab. 1996 Jul;7(5):177-83. doi: 10.1016/1043-2760(96)00061-6.
Studies localizing steroid receptor (R) proteins and their mRNAs to the primate ovary are consistent with a local role for progesterone (P) and androgen (A) in modulating follicle growth and/or maturation via classic R-mediated pathways, but data in support of estrogen (E) action remain equivocal. Investigations of the hypothesis that steroids play a pivotal role in folliculogenesis or gametogenesis in macaques receiving inhibitors of steroid enzyme synthesis and in women with congenital steroid enzyme deficiencies reveal that (a) antral follicle growth, maturation, and luteinization, as well as oocyte meiosis, do not require high or increasing E levels; (b) elevated A to E ratios are detrimental to the gametogenic functions of the primate follicle, but do not alter growth and maturation of antral follicles; and (c) ovulation and luteinization of the mature follicle are dependent on local P actions. The genomic actions of steroids likely vary between compartments and with the developmental state of the follicle; however, potential nongenomic actions of steroids in follicles remain largely undefined. Future advances will rely on identification of discrete biochemical, morphological, and functional correlates of steroid hormone action in the somatic and gametogenic compartments of the primate follicle throughout its life cycle.
将类固醇受体（R）蛋白及其mRNA定位到灵长类卵巢的研究表明，孕酮（P）和雄激素（A）可能通过经典的R介导途径在调节卵泡生长和/或成熟中发挥局部作用，但支持雌激素（E）作用的数据仍不明确。对类固醇在接受类固醇酶合成抑制剂的猕猴以及患有先天性类固醇酶缺乏症的女性的卵泡发生或配子发生中起关键作用这一假设的研究表明：（a）窦状卵泡的生长、成熟和黄体化以及卵母细胞减数分裂并不需要高水平或不断升高的E；（b）升高的A与E比值对灵长类卵泡的配子发生功能有害，但不会改变窦状卵泡的生长和成熟；（c）成熟卵泡的排卵和黄体化依赖于局部P的作用。类固醇的基因组作用可能在不同区域以及卵泡的发育状态之间有所不同；然而，类固醇在卵泡中的潜在非基因组作用在很大程度上仍未明确。未来的进展将依赖于确定灵长类卵泡在其整个生命周期中，在体细胞和配子发生区域内类固醇激素作用的离散生化、形态和功能相关性。
