Lung cancer in subjects suffering from silicosis in the Province of Genoa from 1979 to 2004.

The Authors, after a survey of the latest experimental and epidemiological studies concerning the possible role of crystalline silica in lung carcinogenicity, examine the cases acknowledged by the INAIL in Genoa concerning subjects suffering from silicosis who, thereafter, developed a lung cancer in the period 1979 - 2004. Distribution of the degree of disability, of the length of occupational exposure to silica, of the workers' age at the time of death and of the different fields of activity have been tested; smoking habits and histological classification of the neoplasms have also been assessed, when available. Our data seem to agree with the point of view of the Authors who so far have expressed perplexities about the role played by silica in lung carcinogenesis, especially if associated with the exposure to powerful carcinogenic agents such as cigarette smoke. At present we share the opinion of those who think that a final regulation should be delayed up to the time when it will be possible to identify the occupational source of silica with such characteristic as to make it actually carcinogenic.