Zhang L M, Leng Y J
Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
Parassitologia. 1991 Dec;33 Suppl:541-50.
During June to August, 1987, six species of phlebotomines were collected by aspirator from four localities in Beijing, Nanjiang and northwestern Sichuan Province. After morphological identification, five species viz., Phlebotomus chinensis, P. sichuanensis, Sergentomyia zhengjiani, S. khawi and S. squamirostris were studied starch gel electrophoresis in 10 enzymes for isoenzyme characterization. Among which four enzymes (MDH, PGM, PGI and alpha-GPD) showed varying degrees of differences. The characteristic enzyme locus of PGM can be used to identify P. sichuanensis (Sichuan strain) from P. chinensis (Sichuan and Beijing strains) two vectors of Chinese visceral leishmaniasis, the pharyngeal armatures and spermathecae of which are morphologically resemble in females. The locus of PGM for genotype AA is over 77% in P. chinensis compared with 8.3% in P. sichuanensis and genotype DD is 75% in P. sichuanensis compared with negative in P. chinensis. Distinct enzymatic differences were demonstrated between genera Phlebotomus and Sergentomyia. The alleles of MDH-1 were 100 and 95 in genus Phlebotomus and Sergentomyia respectively, meanwhile in alpha-GPD the alleles were at 100 and 97 respectively except S. squamirostris. In PGI it showed polymorphic with two loci and more alleles in Phlebotomus and monomorphic with only one locus in Sergentomyia. The similar enzyme phenotype between morphologically distinct species, S. zhengjiani and S. khawi shown that the uncorrespondence between morphological and genetic characters in evolution is present in some cases of phlebotomine such as in other insects.
1987年6月至8月期间，在北京、南江和四川省西北部的四个地点，用吸虫器采集到6种白蛉。经形态学鉴定后，对中华白蛉、四川白蛉、郑氏司蛉、卡氏司蛉和鳞喙司蛉这5种白蛉进行了10种酶的淀粉凝胶电泳，以进行同工酶特征分析。其中4种酶（苹果酸脱氢酶、磷酸葡萄糖变位酶、磷酸葡萄糖异构酶和α-甘油磷酸脱氢酶）表现出不同程度的差异。磷酸葡萄糖变位酶的特征酶位点可用于区分中华白蛉（四川株和北京株）和四川白蛉这两种中国内脏利什曼病的传播媒介，它们在雌性形态上咽骨和受精囊相似。中华白蛉中基因型AA的磷酸葡萄糖变位酶位点超过77%，而四川白蛉中为8.3%；四川白蛉中基因型DD为75%，而中华白蛉中为阴性。在白蛉属和司蛉属之间显示出明显的酶学差异。苹果酸脱氢酶-1的等位基因在白蛉属和司蛉属中分别为100和95，同时在α-甘油磷酸脱氢酶中，除鳞喙司蛉外，等位基因分别为100和97。在磷酸葡萄糖异构酶中，白蛉属表现为多态性，有两个位点和更多等位基因，而司蛉属为单态性，只有一个位点。形态上不同的物种郑氏司蛉和卡氏司蛉之间相似的酶表型表明，在某些白蛉类群中，如在其他昆虫中一样，进化过程中形态和遗传特征之间存在不对应关系。
