Makin Tamar R, Holmes Nicholas P, Ehrsson H Henrik
Department of Neurobiology, Life Sciences Institute, Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91904, Israel.
Behav Brain Res. 2008 Aug 5;191(1):1-10. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2008.02.041. Epub 2008 Mar 7.
Where are my hands? The brain can answer this question using sensory information arising from vision, proprioception, or touch. Other sources of information about the position of our hands can be derived from multisensory interactions (or potential interactions) with our close environment, such as when we grasp or avoid objects. The pioneering study of multisensory representations of peripersonal space was published in Behavioural Brain Research almost 30 years ago [Rizzolatti G, Scandolara C, Matelli M, Gentilucci M. Afferent properties of periarcuate neurons in macaque monkeys. II. Visual responses. Behav Brain Res 1981;2:147-63]. More recently, neurophysiological, neuroimaging, neuropsychological, and behavioural studies have contributed a wealth of evidence concerning hand-centred representations of objects in peripersonal space. This evidence is examined here in detail. In particular, we focus on the use of artificial dummy hands as powerful instruments to manipulate the brain's representation of hand position, peripersonal space, and of hand ownership. We also review recent studies of the 'rubber hand illusion' and related phenomena, such as the visual capture of touch, and the recalibration of hand position sense, and discuss their findings in the light of research on peripersonal space. Finally, we propose a simple model that situates the 'rubber hand illusion' in the neurophysiological framework of multisensory hand-centred representations of space.
我的手在哪里？大脑可以利用视觉、本体感觉或触觉产生的感官信息来回答这个问题。关于我们手部位置的其他信息来源可以从与周围环境的多感官交互（或潜在交互）中获得，比如我们抓取或避开物体的时候。近30年前，《行为脑科学》发表了关于个人周边空间多感官表征的开创性研究[里佐拉蒂G、斯坎多拉拉C、马特利M、金泰卢奇M。猕猴弓状周围神经元的传入特性。II.视觉反应。《行为脑科学》1981年；2:147 - 163]。最近，神经生理学、神经影像学、神经心理学和行为学研究提供了大量关于个人周边空间中以手部为中心的物体表征的证据。本文将详细审视这些证据。特别地，我们聚焦于使用人造假手作为强大工具，来操控大脑对手部位置、个人周边空间以及手部所有权的表征。我们还回顾了最近关于“橡胶手错觉”及相关现象的研究，比如视觉对触觉的捕捉以及手部位置感的重新校准，并根据关于个人周边空间的研究来讨论这些发现。最后，我们提出一个简单模型，将“橡胶手错觉”置于以手部为中心的空间多感官表征的神经生理框架中。
