Kowalczuk Sonja, Bröer Angelika, Tietze Nadine, Vanslambrouck Jessica M, Rasko John E J, Bröer Stefan
School of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Australian National University, Linnaeus Way 41, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia.
FASEB J. 2008 Aug;22(8):2880-7. doi: 10.1096/fj.08-107300. Epub 2008 Apr 18.
Protein absorption in the intestine is mediated by proteases and brush-border peptidases together with peptide and amino acid transporters. Neutral amino acids are generated by a variety of aminopeptidases and carboxypeptidases and are subsequently taken up by the amino acid transporter B(0)AT1 (SLC6A19), which is mutated in Hartnup disorder. Coexpression of B(0)AT1 together with the brush-border carboxypeptidase angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in Xenopus laevis oocytes led to a dramatic increase of transporter expression at the oocyte surface. Other members of the SLC6 family were not stimulated by coexpression with ACE2. Addition of a peptide containing a carboxyterminal leucine residue to ACE2- and B(0)AT1-coexpressing oocytes caused inward currents due to Na(+)-leucine cotransport, demonstrating the formation of a metabolic complex. Coexpression of the Hartnup disorder causing mutation B(0)AT1(R240Q) showed reduced interaction with ACE2 and its renal paralogue collectrin. This would result in reduced surface expression in both kidney and intestine, thereby explaining the onset of the disorder in individuals carrying this mutation.
肠道中的蛋白质吸收是由蛋白酶、刷状缘肽酶以及肽和氨基酸转运体共同介导的。多种氨肽酶和羧肽酶可生成中性氨基酸,随后这些中性氨基酸被氨基酸转运体B(0)AT1(溶质载体家族6成员19,SLC6A19)摄取,该转运体在哈氏病中发生突变。在非洲爪蟾卵母细胞中,B(0)AT1与刷状缘羧肽酶血管紧张素转换酶2(ACE2)共表达,导致卵母细胞表面的转运体表达显著增加。SLC6家族的其他成员与ACE2共表达时未受到刺激。向共表达ACE2和B(0)AT1的卵母细胞中添加一个含有羧基末端亮氨酸残基的肽,会因Na(+)-亮氨酸共转运而产生内向电流,这表明形成了一种代谢复合物。导致哈氏病的突变体B(0)AT1(R240Q)共表达时,与ACE2及其肾脏同源物collectrin的相互作用减弱。这将导致肾脏和肠道中表面表达减少,从而解释了携带这种突变的个体中该疾病的发病情况。