Biggins Peter D E, Kusterbeck Anne, Hiltz John A
Dstl, Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire, UK.
Analyst. 2008 May;133(5):563-70. doi: 10.1039/b717935a. Epub 2008 Feb 29.
Interdisciplinary research in biotechnology and related scientific areas has increased tremendously over the past decade. This rapid pace, in conjunction with advances in microfabricated systems, computer hardware, bioengineering and the availability of low-powered miniature components, has now made it feasible to design bio-inspired materials, sensors and systems with tremendous potential for defence and security applications. To realize the full potential of biotechnology and bio-inspiration, there is a need to define specific requirements to meet the challenges of the changing world and its threats. One approach to assisting the defence and security communities in defining their requirements is through the use of a conceptual model. The distributed or intelligent autonomous sensing (DIAS) system is one such model. The DIAS model is not necessarily aimed at a single component, for instance a sensor, but can include a system, or even a system of systems in the same way that a single organism, a multi-cellular organism or group of organisms is configured. This paper provides an overview of the challenges to and opportunities for bio-inspired sensors and systems together with examples of how they are being implemented. Examples focus on both learning new things from biological organisms that have application to the defence and security forces and adapting known discoveries in biology and biochemistry for practical use by these communities.
在过去十年中，生物技术及相关科学领域的跨学科研究急剧增加。这种快速发展，再加上微纳制造系统、计算机硬件、生物工程的进步以及低功耗微型组件的可用性，使得设计具有巨大国防和安全应用潜力的仿生材料、传感器和系统成为可能。为了充分发挥生物技术和生物启发的潜力，有必要明确具体要求，以应对不断变化的世界及其威胁带来的挑战。协助国防和安全领域确定其需求的一种方法是使用概念模型。分布式或智能自主传感（DIAS）系统就是这样一种模型。DIAS模型不一定针对单个组件，例如传感器，而是可以包括一个系统，甚至是以单个生物体、多细胞生物体或一组生物体的配置方式组成的系统之系统。本文概述了仿生传感器和系统面临的挑战与机遇，并举例说明了它们的实现方式。示例既侧重于从对国防和安全部队有应用价值的生物有机体中学习新事物，也侧重于将生物学和生物化学领域的已知发现加以改编以供这些领域实际应用。
