Shapiro Theodore
Weill Cornell Medical College, USA.
J Am Psychoanal Assoc. 2008 Mar;56(1):123-46. doi: 10.1177/0003065108315687.
During adolescence the central masturbation fantasy that is formulated during childhood takes its final form and paradoxically must now be directed outward for appropriate object finding and pair matching in the service of procreative aims. This is a step in adaptation that requires a further developmental landmark that I have called normalization. The path toward airing these private fantasies is facilitated by chumship relationships as a step toward further exposure to the social surround. Hartmann's structuring application of adaptation within psychoanalysis is used as a framework for understanding the process that simultaneously serves intrapsychic and social demands and permits goals that follow evolutionary principles. Variations in the normalization process from masturbatory isolation to a variety of forms of sexual socialization are examined in sociological data concerning current adolescent sexual behavior and in case examples that indicate some routes to normalized experience and practice.
在青春期，童年时期形成的核心自慰幻想会最终成型，而矛盾的是，现在必须将其向外引导，以便在生殖目标的驱使下找到合适的对象并进行配对。这是适应过程中的一个步骤，需要一个我称之为正常化的进一步发展里程碑。通过友谊关系有助于公开这些私密幻想，这是迈向进一步融入社会环境的一步。哈特曼在精神分析中对适应的结构化应用被用作理解这一过程的框架，该过程同时满足心理内部和社会需求，并允许遵循进化原则的目标。从自慰孤立到各种形式的性社会化的正常化过程中的差异，在有关当前青少年性行为的社会学数据以及表明实现正常化体验和实践的一些途径的案例中进行了研究。
