Koplin Jennifer, Dharmage Shyamali C, Gurrin Lyle, Osborne Nicholas, Tang Mimi L K, Lowe Adrian J, Hosking Cliff, Hill David, Allen Katrina J
Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2008 Jun;121(6):1455-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2008.03.017. Epub 2008 Apr 24.
A recent cohort study suggested that intake of soy milk or soy formula was associated with peanut allergy. If this finding is confirmed, it suggests an avenue for modification of diet as a peanut allergy prevention strategy.
To investigate the relationship between soy consumption and peanut sensitization in a prospective cohort study of children.
A total of 620 babies with a family history of allergic disease were recruited. Dietary information was obtained from telephone interviews every 4 weeks from birth until 15 months and then again at 18 months and 2 years. Skin prick tests to peanut, milk, and egg were performed at 6, 12, and 24 months. A wheal size > or = 3 mm was considered positive for sensitization.
Children whose parents elected to introduce soy formula or soy milk into their children's diet were more likely to be sensitized to peanuts at 2 years (odds ratio, 2.02; 95% CI, 1.04-3.92; P = .039). However, this relationship was explained by feeding of soy to children who had siblings with milk allergy or were themselves sensitized to milk. After adjusting for these factors, there was no evidence of an association between soy consumption and peanut sensitization (odds ratio, 1.34; 95% CI, 0.64-2.79; P = .434).
The association between soy consumption and peanut sensitization is not causal but merely a result of preferential use of soy milk in infants with a personal or family history of cow's milk allergy. Future studies should take the confounding effects related to dietary modifications by parents into account when investigating the association between diet and childhood allergic diseases.
最近一项队列研究表明，摄入豆浆或大豆配方奶粉与花生过敏有关。如果这一发现得到证实，那么这表明通过调整饮食作为预防花生过敏的策略是可行的。
在一项针对儿童的前瞻性队列研究中，调查大豆摄入量与花生致敏之间的关系。
共招募了620名有过敏性疾病家族史的婴儿。从出生至15个月期间，每4周通过电话访谈获取饮食信息，之后在18个月和2岁时再次进行访谈。在6个月、12个月和24个月时进行花生、牛奶和鸡蛋的皮肤点刺试验。风团大小≥3毫米被视为致敏阳性。
父母选择给孩子喂食大豆配方奶粉或豆浆的儿童在2岁时对花生致敏的可能性更高（比值比为2.02；95%置信区间为1.04 - 3.92；P = 0.039）。然而，这种关系可以通过给有牛奶过敏兄弟姐妹或自身对牛奶致敏的儿童喂食大豆来解释。在对这些因素进行调整后，没有证据表明大豆摄入量与花生致敏之间存在关联（比值比为1.34；95%置信区间为0.64 - 2.79；P = 0.434）。
大豆摄入量与花生致敏之间的关联并非因果关系，而仅仅是有个人或家族牛奶过敏史的婴儿优先使用豆浆的结果。未来在研究饮食与儿童过敏性疾病之间的关联时，应考虑父母饮食调整带来的混杂效应。
