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无头部注视转移时视觉目标的扫视周围定位错误:视觉因素还是运动因素?

Perisaccadic mislocalization of visual targets by head-free gaze shifts: visual or motor?

作者信息

van Wetter Sigrid M C I, van Opstal A John

机构信息

Faculty of Science, Radboud University Nijmegen, Donders Centre for Neuroscience, Department of Biophysics, Geert Grooteplein 21, 6525 EZ Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

出版信息

J Neurophysiol. 2008 Oct;100(4):1848-67. doi: 10.1152/jn.90276.2008. Epub 2008 Apr 24.

Abstract

Such perisaccadic mislocalization is maximal in the direction of the saccade and varies systematically with the target-saccade onset delay. We have recently shown that under head-fixed conditions perisaccadic errors do not follow the quantitative predictions of current visuomotor models that explain these mislocalizations in terms of spatial updating. These models all assume sluggish eye-movement feedback and therefore predict that errors should vary systematically with the amplitude and kinematics of the intervening saccade. Instead, we reported that errors depend only weakly on the saccade amplitude. An alternative explanation for the data is that around the saccade the perceived target location undergoes a uniform transient shift in the saccade direction, but that the oculomotor feedback is, on average, accurate. This "visual shift" hypothesis predicts that errors will also remain insensitive to kinematic variability within much larger head-free gaze shifts. Here we test this prediction by presenting a brief visual probe near the onset of gaze saccades between 40 and 70 degrees amplitude. According to models with inaccurate gaze-motor feedback, the expected perisaccadic errors for such gaze shifts should be as large as 30 degrees and depend heavily on the kinematics of the gaze shift. In contrast, we found that the actual peak errors were similar to those reported for much smaller saccadic eye movements, i.e., on average about 10 degrees, and that neither gaze-shift amplitude nor kinematics plays a systematic role. Our data further corroborate the visual origin of perisaccadic mislocalization under open-loop conditions and strengthen the idea that efferent feedback signals in the gaze-control system are fast and accurate.

摘要

这种扫视周围的定位错误在扫视方向上最大,并随目标-扫视起始延迟而系统地变化。我们最近表明,在头部固定的条件下,扫视周围的误差并不遵循当前视觉运动模型的定量预测,这些模型从空间更新的角度解释了这些定位错误。这些模型都假设眼球运动反馈迟缓,因此预测误差应随中间扫视的幅度和运动学系统地变化。相反,我们报告说误差仅微弱地依赖于扫视幅度。对这些数据的另一种解释是,在扫视周围,感知到的目标位置在扫视方向上经历了均匀的瞬态偏移,但眼球运动反馈平均而言是准确的。这种“视觉偏移”假说预测,在更大的自由头部注视转移中,误差也将对运动学变异性不敏感。在这里,我们通过在幅度为40至70度的注视扫视开始时呈现一个简短的视觉探针来测试这一预测。根据具有不准确注视运动反馈的模型,这种注视转移的预期扫视周围误差应高达30度,并且在很大程度上依赖于注视转移的运动学。相比之下,我们发现实际的峰值误差与报道的小得多的眼球扫视运动的误差相似,即平均约为10度,并且注视转移幅度和运动学都没有起到系统作用。我们的数据进一步证实了开环条件下扫视周围定位错误的视觉起源,并强化了注视控制系统中的传出反馈信号快速且准确的观点。

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