Meyer Leith C R, Fick Linda, Matthee André, Mitchell Duncan, Fuller Andrea
Brain Function Research Group, School of Physiology, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown 2193, South Africa.
J Wildl Dis. 2008 Apr;44(2):404-16. doi: 10.7589/0090-3558-44.2.404.
To investigate the patterns and mechanisms of capture-induced hyperthermia, we surgically implanted 26 impala (Aepyceros melampus) with miniature thermometric data loggers, which measured body temperatures continuously throughout capture procedures. Four groups of impala, which were habituated to varying levels of handling and boma-housing, were captured by net restraint or by chemical immobilization. The study took place between July 1999 and December 2005. Irrespective of whether impala were chemically captured, net-captured, or disturbed by exposure to a stressor, they developed a precipitous increase in body temperature. This increase in body temperature was not related to activity levels; animals that had low activity levels before immobilization had larger increases in body temperature compared to those that had high activity levels but were not immobilized (t = 3.6, P = 0.001, n = 5). Similarly this increase in body temperature was not related to environmental heat load at the time of darting and immobilization (r = -0.05, P = 0.85). Body temperature increase also did not depend on whether the animals were captured using drugs or not. However, we found that those animals that were habituated more to handling and boma-housing had smaller increases in body temperatures (F = 37, P<0.001) and smaller stress responses, indicated by lower plasma cortisol concentrations (F = 5.5, P<0.05), and less fractious behavior, compared to those animals that were habituated less or not at all. Therefore we believe that capture-induced hyperthermia in impala is caused predominantly by stress, which induces a rapid rise in body temperature.
为了研究捕获诱导的体温过高的模式和机制，我们通过手术给26只黑斑羚（高角羚）植入了微型温度数据记录器，这些记录器在整个捕获过程中持续测量体温。四组习惯了不同程度的处理和圈养的黑斑羚，通过网捕或化学固定的方式被捕获。该研究于1999年7月至2005年12月期间进行。无论黑斑羚是通过化学捕获、网捕还是因暴露于应激源而受到干扰，它们的体温都会急剧上升。体温的这种升高与活动水平无关；在固定前活动水平低的动物相比活动水平高但未被固定的动物，体温升高幅度更大（t = 3.6，P = 0.001，n = 5）。同样，体温的这种升高与注射麻醉剂和固定时的环境热负荷无关（r = -0.05，P = 0.85）。体温升高也不取决于动物是否使用药物捕获。然而，我们发现，那些习惯了更多处理和圈养的动物体温升高幅度较小（F = 37，P<0.001），应激反应较小，表现为血浆皮质醇浓度较低（F = 5.5，P<0.05），且与那些习惯程度较低或完全没有习惯的动物相比，暴躁行为较少。因此，我们认为黑斑羚捕获诱导的体温过高主要是由应激引起的，应激会导致体温迅速上升。
