埃及女孩中女性割礼的流行情况。
Prevalence of female genital cutting among Egyptian girls.
作者信息
Tag-Eldin Mohammed A, Gadallah Mohsen A, Al-Tayeb Mahmoud N, Abdel-Aty Mostafa, Mansour Esmat, Sallem Mona
机构信息
Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
出版信息
Bull World Health Organ. 2008 Apr;86(4):269-74. doi: 10.2471/blt.07.042093.
OBJECTIVE
Female genital cutting (FGC) is the collective name given to traditional practices that involve partial or total cutting away of the female external genitalia whether for cultural or other non-therapeutic reasons. In Egypt, the result of the Demographic Health Survey in 2000 revealed that 97% of married women included in the survey experienced FGC. The aim of this study is to measure the prevalence of FGC among schoolgirls in Egypt.
METHODS
Multistage random technique was applied for site selection. First, Egypt was divided into five geographical areas; Greater Cairo, Lower Egypt, Upper Egypt, Sinai and Suez Canal Region. Second, from each governorate, two educational districts were selected randomly (except Luxor). In each of the selected districts, the schools were divided into primary, preparatory and secondary schools. In each education stage, the schools were divided into rural, urban, government and private. The total number of females interviewed was 38,816.
FINDINGS
The prevalence of FGC among schoolgirls in Egypt was 50.3%. The prevalence of FGC was 46.2% in government urban schools, 9.2% in private urban schools and 61.7% in rural schools. Educational levels of mother and father were negatively associated with FGC (P < 0.001). The mean age of the time of FGC was 10.1 +/- 2.3 years.
CONCLUSION
FGC prevalence is lowering, yet more active education at the grass-roots level is needed to create change.
目的
女性生殖器切割（FGC）是指出于文化或其他非治疗性原因，对女性外生殖器进行部分或全部切除的传统习俗的统称。在埃及，2000年人口健康调查结果显示，参与调查的已婚女性中有97%经历过女性生殖器切割。本研究的目的是测量埃及女学生中女性生殖器切割的流行率。
方法
采用多阶段随机技术进行地点选择。首先，埃及被划分为五个地理区域：大开罗、下埃及、上埃及、西奈半岛和苏伊士运河地区。其次，从每个省份中随机选择两个教育区（卢克索除外）。在每个选定的区中，学校被分为小学、预备学校和中学。在每个教育阶段，学校又分为农村、城市、公立和私立。接受访谈的女性总数为38816人。
结果
埃及女学生中女性生殖器切割的流行率为50.3%。在公立城市学校中，女性生殖器切割的流行率为46.2%，在私立城市学校中为9.2%，在农村学校中为61.7%。母亲和父亲的教育水平与女性生殖器切割呈负相关（P < 0.001）。女性生殖器切割时的平均年龄为10.1±2.3岁。
结论
女性生殖器切割的流行率正在下降，但仍需要在基层开展更积极的教育以促成改变。
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