Beresford N A, Barnett C L, Jones D G, Wood M D, Appleton J D, Breward N, Copplestone D
Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, CEH-Lancaster, Lancaster Environment Centre, Library Avenue, Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4AP, United Kingdom.
J Environ Radioact. 2008 Sep;99(9):1430-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2008.03.003. Epub 2008 Apr 25.
It has been suggested that, when assessing radiation impacts on non-human biota, estimated dose rates due to anthropogenically released radionuclides should be put in context by comparison to dose rates from natural background radiation. In order to make these comparisons, we need data on the activity concentrations of naturally occurring radionuclides in environmental media and organisms of interest. This paper presents the results of a study to determine the exposure of terrestrial organisms in England and Wales to naturally occurring radionuclides, specifically (40)K, (238)U series and (232)Th series radionuclides. Whole-body activity concentrations for the reference animals and plants (RAPs) as proposed by the ICRP have been collated from literature review, data archives and a targeted sampling campaign. Data specifically for the proposed RAP are sparse. Soil activity concentrations have been derived from an extensive geochemical survey of the UK. Unweighted and weighted absorbed dose rates were estimated using the ERICA Tool. Mean total weighted whole-body absorbed dose rates estimated for the selected terrestrial organisms was in the range 6.9 x 10(-2) to 6.1 x 10(-1) microGy h(-1).
有人建议，在评估辐射对非人类生物群的影响时，应通过与天然本底辐射的剂量率进行比较，来考量人为释放的放射性核素所导致的估计剂量率。为了进行这些比较，我们需要有关环境介质和相关生物体中天然存在的放射性核素活度浓度的数据。本文介绍了一项研究的结果，该研究旨在确定英格兰和威尔士的陆地生物对天然存在的放射性核素，特别是钾-40、铀-238系和钍-232系放射性核素的暴露情况。通过文献综述、数据存档和有针对性的采样活动，整理了国际放射防护委员会（ICRP）提议的参考动植物（RAP）的全身活度浓度。专门针对提议的RAP的数据较为稀少。土壤活度浓度源自对英国进行的广泛地球化学调查。使用ERICA工具估算了未加权和加权吸收剂量率。为选定的陆地生物估算的平均总加权全身吸收剂量率在6.9×10⁻²至6.1×10⁻¹微戈瑞/小时的范围内。
