Melon E, Homs J B
Département d'anesthésie-réanimation, Hopital Henri Mondor, Créteil.
Agressologie. 1991;32(8-9 Spec No):429-34.
Nitrous oxide (N2O) is far from inert in terms of its cerebral effects. It can increase the cerebral blood flow (CBF) and the cerebral metabolic rate for oxygen in animals and in man. In poor risks patients, the N2O may increase the intracranial pressure (ICP) but these effects are blocked by hyperventilation, benzodiazepines, barbiturates and narcotics. N2O is not epileptogenic but modifies evoked potentials. Because of its greater solubility than Nitrogen it can increase ICP, in case of pneumoencephalus and the size and consequences of gazous embolism. In neurosurgical patients, nitrous oxide should be used cautiously in regards of its neurological effects.
一氧化二氮（N₂O）就其对大脑的影响而言绝非惰性物质。它可增加动物和人类的脑血流量（CBF）以及脑氧代谢率。在高危患者中，N₂O可能会升高颅内压（ICP），但这些影响可被过度通气、苯二氮䓬类药物、巴比妥类药物和麻醉剂所阻断。N₂O不会诱发癫痫，但会改变诱发电位。由于其溶解度比氮气大，在发生气脑造影和气栓时，它会增加颅内压。在神经外科手术患者中，鉴于其神经学影响，应谨慎使用一氧化二氮。
