Eilat-Adar Sigal, Xu Jiaqiong, Goldbourt Uri, Zephier Ellie, Howard Barbara V, Resnick Helaine E
MedStar Research Institute, Hyattsville, MD, USA.
J Am Diet Assoc. 2008 May;108(5):794-802. doi: 10.1016/j.jada.2008.02.023.
Diet has been related to several characteristics of metabolic syndrome (MSDR) and insulin resistance, which carry an increased risk for diabetes and heart disease.
To examine the cross-sectional association between macronutrient intake, sex, and MSDR and insulin resistance in American Indians without diabetes.
Dietary intake, MSDR, and insulin resistance (estimated by homeostasis model assessment) were assessed.
SUBJECTS/SETTING: Data were analyzed from participants with complete dietary data (n=1,516 for MSDR, n=1,458 for insulin resistance) from the second examination (1993-1995) of the Strong Heart Study, a longitudinal, population-based study of cardiovascular disease and its risk factors in American Indians.
Logistic regression and analysis of covariance were used to study associations among tertiles of macronutrient intake and MSDR and homeostasis model assessment scores.
Polyunsaturated fatty acid intake was associated with less MSDR and lower homeostasis model assessment scores in women (odds ratio 0.69 and 95% confidence interval 0.50 to 0.96 for MSDR in the third tertile) but not men. Higher simple carbohydrate intake was associated with more MSDR in men (odds ratio 1.72 and 95% confidence interval 1.10 to 2.69 in the third tertile) but not women.
Polyunsaturated fatty acid and simple carbohydrates may be associated with MSDR and insulin resistance in American Indians and sex may modify the association between dietary intake and MS and insulin resistance in this population. Further studies should focus on the longitudinal association between dietary intake and incidence of MSDR and insulin resistance and the role of sex in this relationship in American Indians and other populations.
饮食与代谢综合征（MSDR）的多种特征以及胰岛素抵抗有关，而代谢综合征和胰岛素抵抗会增加患糖尿病和心脏病的风险。
研究未患糖尿病的美国印第安人中，常量营养素摄入量、性别与MSDR及胰岛素抵抗之间的横断面关联。
评估饮食摄入量、MSDR和胰岛素抵抗（通过稳态模型评估法估算）。
研究对象/研究背景：数据来自“强心研究”第二次检查（1993 - 1995年）中拥有完整饮食数据的参与者（MSDR相关数据n = 1516，胰岛素抵抗相关数据n = 1458），“强心研究”是一项针对美国印第安人心血管疾病及其危险因素的纵向、基于人群的研究。
采用逻辑回归和协方差分析来研究常量营养素摄入量三分位数与MSDR及稳态模型评估得分之间的关联。
女性摄入多不饱和脂肪酸与较少的MSDR及较低的稳态模型评估得分相关（第三三分位数中MSDR的比值比为0.69，95%置信区间为0.50至0.96），而男性则不然。男性摄入较高的简单碳水化合物与更多的MSDR相关（第三三分位数中比值比为1.72，95%置信区间为1.10至2.69），而女性则不然。
多不饱和脂肪酸和简单碳水化合物可能与美国印第安人的MSDR和胰岛素抵抗有关，性别可能会改变该人群中饮食摄入量与MS及胰岛素抵抗之间的关联。进一步的研究应聚焦于饮食摄入量与MSDR及胰岛素抵抗发病率之间的纵向关联，以及性别在该关系中在美国印第安人和其他人群中的作用。
