Gleason Marci E J, Iida Masumi, Shrout Patrick E, Bolger Niall
Communication and Behavioral Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2008 May;94(5):824-38. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.94.5.824.
Although social support is thought to boost feelings of closeness in dyadic relationships, recent findings have suggested that support receipt can increase distress in recipients. The authors investigated these apparently contrary findings in a large daily diary study of couples over 31 days leading up to a major stressor. Results confirm that daily support receipt was associated with greater feelings of closeness and greater negative mood. These average effects, however, masked substantial heterogeneity. In particular, those recipients showing greater benefits on closeness tended to show lesser cost on negative mood, and vice versa. Self-esteem was examined as a possible moderator of support effects, but its role was evident in only a subset of recipients. These results imply that models of dyadic support processes must accord a central role to between-individual heterogeneity.
尽管社会支持被认为能增强二元关系中的亲密感，但最近的研究结果表明，接受支持可能会增加受助者的痛苦。作者在一项针对夫妻的大型每日日记研究中，对在重大压力源出现前的31天里的情况进行了调查，以探究这些明显矛盾的发现。结果证实，每日接受支持与更强的亲密感和更消极的情绪有关。然而，这些平均效应掩盖了很大的异质性。特别是，那些在亲密感方面受益更多的受助者，在消极情绪方面的代价往往较小，反之亦然。自尊被作为支持效应的一个可能调节因素进行了研究，但它的作用仅在一部分受助者中明显。这些结果意味着，二元支持过程的模型必须将个体间的异质性置于核心地位。
